Umxholo
Kwigrama, abantu ziimpawu zegrama ezibonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu / izinto kunye nesenzo sokuthetha.
Xa isenzi sidibaniswe nomntu wokuqala, oko kuthetha ukuba senziwa sisithethi esinye (umkhuphi) okanye liqela labantu, kubandakanya isithethi.
Inkqubo ye- umntu wokuqala ingayi:
- Umntu wokuqala oyedwa: Mna / mna
- Isininzi sokuqala somntu: Si / thina
Xa isenzi sidibaniswe kumntu wesibini, owenza isenzo ngumphulaphuli okanye umfundi (umamkeli).
Inkqubo ye- umntu wesibini ingayi:
- Umntu wesibini ngesinye: Wena / Tú, tú, vos
- Umntu wesibini ngobuninzi: Nina / Nina, nina
Ngamanye amagama, ngesiNgesi umntu wesibini unendlela efanayo kwisininzi nakwisinye. Nokuba ibhekisa kwisinye "nina" okanye kwisininzi "nina" yinto ekufuneka iqondwe ngokomxholo.
Xa udibanisa isenzi kumntu wesithathu, umntu owenza isenzo akunguye umthumeli okanye umyalezo. Oko kukuthi, umntu ongaphandle kwesenzo sokuthetha.
Inkqubo ye- umntu wesithathu ingayi:
- Umntu wesithathu ngesinye: Yena, yena, yena / Yena, yena
- Umntu wesithathu ngobuninzi: Bona / Bona, bona
NgesiNgesi, ukudityaniswa kwezenzi phantse kuwo onke amaxesha kuhlala kungatshintshi kubantu beigrama ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo:
- Mna wahamba ukuya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. / Ndaya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. (Umntu wokuqala)
- Wena wahamba ukuya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. / Uye eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. (Umntu wesibini)
- ndine wahamba ukuya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. / Waya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. (Umntu wesithathu)
- Bona wahamba ukuya eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. / Baye eFrance kunyaka ophelileyo. (Umntu wesithathu)
Njengoko kunokubonwa kumzekelo, ngelixa kwiSpanish izenzi ziyahluka kumntu ngamnye, ngesiNgesi zihlala zingatshintshi.
Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha langoku izenzi zidityaniswa kunye nolwahluko omncinci kumntu wesithathu kwisinye:
- Ndidlala intenetya. / Ndidlala intenetya. (Umntu wokuqala kwisinye)
- Udlala intenetya. / Udlala intenetya. (Umntu wesibini ngesinye)
- Sidlala intenetya. / Siya kwintenetya. (Umntu wokuqala ngobuninzi)
- Udlala intenetya. / Udlala intenetya. (Umntu wesibini ubuninzi)
- Badlala intenetya. / Badlala iTennis. (Umntu wesithathu ngobuninzi)
- Ndidlale intenetya. / Udlala intenetya. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Udlala intenetya. / Udlala intenetya. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
Kukho izenzi ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokuba ngu (ukuba, ukuba) nokuba nako (ukukwazi) ezineefom ezithile.
Kwimeko yokuba nako, ayitshintshi kumntu wesithathu kwisinye:
- Ndiyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. Ndiyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. (Umntu wokuqala kwisinye)
- Ungacula kakuhle. / Ungacula kakuhle. (Umntu wesibini ngesinye)
- Uyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. / Uyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Uyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. / Uyakwazi ukucula kakuhle. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
Kwimeko yesenzi ukuba sibe, sineefom ezahlukileyo ngoku nakwixesha elidlulileyo.
Okwangoku
- Ndingu / ndingu, ndingu (Umntu wokuqala oyedwa)
- Nguwe / Nguwe, ungu (Umntu wesibini onesinye)
- Nguye / Nguye, ungu (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Nguye / ungu, ungu (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Sikho / Sikho, sikhona (Umntu wokuqala ngobuninzi)
- Ni / Nina, ninguwe (Umntu wesibini ngobuninzi)
- Ba / Bayiyo, ba (Umntu wesithathu ngobuninzi)
Okokugqibela
- Ndandi / ndandi, ndandi (Umntu wokuqala oyedwa)
- Ubunguwe / Ubunguwe, ubu (Umntu wesibini oyedwa)
- Waye / Wayekho, wayengu (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Waye / Wayekho, waye (Umntu wesithathu enye)
- Sasi / Sasikhona, sasikhona (Umntu wokuqala ngobuninzi)
- Nanikhona / naninguwe, naninguwe (umntu wesibini ngobuninzi)
- Babenjalo / Babenjalo, babekho (Umntu wesithathu ngobuninzi)
Ngakumbi eyokuqala, yesibini neyesithathu imizekelo yabantu ngesiNgesi
- Ndiyavuya ukukubona. / Ndonwabile kakhulu ukukubona (Umntu wokuqala oyedwa)
- Besingakulungelanga kuvavanyo. / Besingakulungelanga iimviwo (Umntu wokuqala kwisininzi)
- Umakazi angandigodusa ngemoto yakhe. / Umakazi wam angandiqhuba ngemoto yakhe (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Ima kancinci! Ungayenza! / Masihambe! Ungayenza! (Umntu wesibini ngesinye)
- Intombazana encinci ibinamaphupha amabi phezolo. / Intombazana encinci ibinobuthongo obubi phezolo (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Abayi kuyamkela intengiselwano / Abayi kuyamkela intengiselwano. (Umntu wesithathu ngobuninzi)
- Nonke niluncedo kakhulu. / Nina nonke niluncedo kakhulu. (Umntu wesibini ubuninzi)
- Ndingahlala kude kube sebusuku? / Ndingahlala kude kube sebusuku? (Umntu wokuqala kwisinye)
- Inja inxaniwe kakhulu. / Inxaniwe kakhulu inja. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Uthanda ii-icecreams. / Uyayithanda iayisi khrimu. (Umntu wesithathu kwisinye)
- Sifunde izinto ezininzi. / Sifunde izinto ezininzi. (Umntu wokuqala ngobuninzi)
UAndrea ungutitshala wolwimi, kwaye kwiakhawunti yakhe ye-Instagram ubonelela ngezifundo zabucala ngokufowuna ngevidiyo ukuze ufunde ukuthetha isiNgesi.
