Umxholo
A ngokucacileyo Yinxalenye ethile yomhlaba ephawuleka ngokubonisa ithafa elibonakalayo okanye izinto ezithile ezincitshisiweyo kubume bembonakalo yomhlaba. Ezi ziphakathi ngokubanzi iithafa. Amathafa afumaneka ngaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-200 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amathafa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
- Bona kwakho: Imizekelo yeentaba, amathafa kunye namathafa
Ukubaluleka kwamathafa
Ngokubanzi, amathafa athanda ukuba ngumhlaba onokuchuma okukhulu, yiyo loo nto esetyenziselwa ukuhlwayela iinkozo kunye nokutyisa izilwanyana.
Nangona kunjalo, zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulungelelwaniso lweendlela okanye zikaloliwe, ke zihlala ziindawo apho kuhlala khona abantu.
Imizekelo yamathafa
- Ithafa laseMpuma Yurophu - Ithe tshitshilili
- Ummandla wepampas - Ithe tshitshilili
- IThafa Plain (eJapan) - Ithe tshitshilili
- Ithafa eliselunxwemeni laseValencian - Ithafa eliselunxwemeni
- Ithafa leNxweme yoNxweme - Ithafa eliselunxwemeni
- I-Minas Basin, iNova Scotia (Canada) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Indawo yokuGcina iinyamakazi e Chongming Dongtan (Shanghai) - Ithafa laseTidal
- ULwandle oluMthubi (Korea) - Ithafa laseTidal
- ISan Francisco Bay (eUSA) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Izibuko leTacoma (iUSA) - Ithafa laseTidal
- ICape Cod Bay (eMelika) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Ulwandle lwaseWadden (eNetherlands, eJamani naseDenmark) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Umzantsi-mpuma woNxweme lweIceland - Ithafa eliyi-sandur glacial
- IAlaskan kunye neCanada tundra kumantla eIkhweyitha - Ithafa laseTundra
- Ingca eArgentina, kumazantsi eAfrika, eOstreliya nakumbindi weEurasia - Amathafa
Iindidi zamathafa
Iindidi zethafa zinokuhlelwa ngohlobo loqeqesho ukuba ezi:
- Amathafa ezakhiwo. Zindawo ezingakhange ziguqulwe kakhulu kukukhukuliseka komoya, amanzi, umkhenkce, udaka, okanye lutshintsho lwemozulu.
- Amathafa okhukuliseko. Ngamathafa athi, njengoko igama libonisa, akhukuliswa ngamanzi (umoya okanye umkhenkce) ngexesha elithile, esenza indawo ethe tyaba.
- Amathafa asezantsi. Zingamathafa awayesenziwa kukukhutshwa kwezidumbu ezazikhutshwa ngumoya, amaza, ngumkhenkce, njl.
Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwediphozithi, ithafa linokuba:
- I-Lava plain. Xa ithafa lenziwe ngamanqanaba odaka lwentaba-mlilo.
- Ithafa eliselunxwemeni. Ifunyenwe kunxweme lolwandle.
- Ithafa laseTidal. Ezi ntlobo zamathafa zenziwa xa umhlaba unenqwaba yodongwe okanye intlenga yesanti, eguqulela ekubeni ithi ngumhlaba okhukula ngokulula. Ngamathafa aphantse ahlala emanzi.
- Amathafa eGlacial. Ziveliswa kukuhamba komkhenkce, yiyo loo nto kusenziwa olu hlobo lwamathafa. Emva koko, banokwahlulwa-hlulwa babe:
- Isandar okanye isandur. Luhlobo lwethafa lomkhenkce elenziwa zizidalwa ezincinci. Ngokubanzi uzobe umhlaba ocacileyo onamasebe amancinci emilambo efriziwe.
- Ithafa yeGlacial ye till. Oko kwenziwa kukuqokelelwa kwesixa esikhulu sentlenga yomkhenkce.
- Ithafa elinzonzobila. Ithafa lelo lenza emazantsi olwandle, ngaphambi kokuhla okanye enzonzobileni.
Kwelinye icala, olunye uhlobo lokuhlelwa kwamathafa nalo lubalasele kuxhomekeke kwimozulu okanye kuhlaza ukuba inayo:
- Ithafa elimathafa. Ithafa elingenamithi. Igqunywe ngamachaphaza kunye nobulembu. Ifunyenwe ikakhulu kwiindawo ezibandayo.
- Ithafa elomileyo. Ngamathafa apho kwenzeka khona imvula encinci.
- Amathafa. Kukho utyani oluninzi kunethambeka okanye ithafa elomileyo, kodwa nangona kunjalo imvula iyaqhubeka ukunqaba.
