Imizekelo yoBukumkani bezilwanyana

Ividiyo: Sound of the Ducklings - Ducklings Swimming [Animal World Videos]

Umxholo

Buyintoni uBukumkani?
Iimpawu zoBukumkani beZilwanyana
Imizekelo yoBukumkani bezilwanyana
Ukwahlulwa kobukumkani bezilwanyana

Ukufunda ngendalo, uthotho lweendidi zerhafu zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula izinto eziphilayo ngokwamaqela. Ngalinye lala mahlelo amaqela abantu abaneempawu ezithile ezifanayo.

Uthotho lwendabuko lweendidi zetaxonomic zezi zilandelayo (ukusuka kwezona zibanzi ukuya kwezona zibalulekileyo):

Indawo - UBukumkani -I-Phylum okanye ulwahlulo-Udidi-iodolo- uSapho- Uhlobo-lweentlobo

Oko kukuthi, izikumkani zahlulwe kakhulu.

Buyintoni uBukumkani?

Izilwanyana: Izinto ezinesakhono sokuhamba, ngaphandle kwekloroplast okanye udonga lweseli, kunye nophuhliso lwembungu. Zizinto eziphilayo ze-eukaryotic.
Plantae: Izinto eziphilayo zePhotosynthetic, ngaphandle kwesakhono sokuhamba, kunye neendonga zeseli ubukhulu becala ezenziwe ngeselulose. Zizinto eziphilayo ze-eukaryotic.
Ifungi: Izinto ezinodonga lweseli zenziwe ikakhulu nge-chitin. Zizinto eziphilayo ze-eukaryotic.
Protista: Zonke izinto eziphilayo ze-eukaryotic ezingadibaniyo neempawu ezinokuzivumela ukuba zihlelwe phakathi kwezikumkani ezintathu zangaphambili. Iiseli ze-Eukaryotic zezo zinenucleus eyahluliweyo kuyo yonke iseli.
Monera: Izinto zeprokaryotic, okt abo baneeseli ezingenayo i-nucleus eyahlukileyo.

Bona kwakho: Imizekelo evela kuKumkani ngalunye

Iimpawu zoBukumkani beZilwanyana

Ubukumkani bezilwanyana (Izilwanyana) amaqela ndawonye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlangabezana neempawu ezahlukeneyo:

Iiseli zeEukaryoticI-nucleus yezi seli zahlulwe kwisytoplasm yimbrane yeseli. Ngamanye amagama, ulwazi lofuzo luhlukaniswe nesytoplasm.
IiHeterotrophsZondla ngezinto eziphilayo ezivela kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
IiMulticellularZizo ezo zenziwe ziiseli ezimbini nangaphezulu. Zonke izilwanyana zenziwa zizigidi zeeseli.
Izicubu: Kwizilwanyana, iiseli zenza ulungelelwaniso olubizwa ngokuba zizihlunu. Kuzo, iiseli zonke ziyalingana kwaye zihlala zisasazwa. Ukuziphatha kwabo komzimba kulungelelaniswa. Iiseli zethishu zabelana ngemvelaphi efanayo yombungu.
Amandla okuhamba: Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izinto eziphilayo (ezinje ngezityalo okanye ifungi), izilwanyana zinendawo yokwakheka komzimba ezivumela ukuba zihambe.
Iindonga zeseli ngaphandle kwe-chloroplast: Yinto evumela izityalo ukuba zenze i-photosynthesis. Kuba izilwanyana azinayo i-chloroplast, kufuneka zondle kwezinye izinto eziphilayo (heterotrophs)
Ukukhula kwembumba iiseli ezahlukileyo, izihlunu, amalungu kunye neenkqubo.

Bona kwakho:

Yintoni i-Autotrophic kunye neHeterotrophic Organic?

Ukubangumntu (IHomo Sapiens): IPhylum: chordate. Inkqutyana. Iintsholongwane. Iklasi: isilwanyana esanyisayo. Umyalelo: Primate.
Imbovane (IFormicidae): IPhylum: iarthropod. Inkqutyana: Hexapod. Iklasi: inambuzane. Umyalelo: hymenopteran.
Eoperipatus totoro: i-phylum: intshulube yevelvety. Iklasi: udeonychopohora. Umyalelo: Euonychophora. Usapho lakwaPeripatidae.
Inyosi (anthophila). I-Phylum: iarthropod. Iklasi: inambuzane. Umyalelo: hymenopteran.
Ikati yasekhaya (felis silvestris catus). Umda: cordate. I-Subphylum: ithambo lomqolo. Iklasi: isilwanyana esanyisayo. Umyalelo: i-carnivore. Usapho. Feline.
Indlovu (elephantidae): IPhylum: chordate. I-Subphylum: ithambo lomqolo. Iklasi: Isilwanyana. Myalelo: proboscidean.
Ngwenya (crocodylidae): IPhylum: chordate. Iklasi: Sauropsido. Umyalelo: Crocodilia.
Ibhabhathane (lepidoptera): i-phylum: iarthropod. Iklasi: inambuzane. Umyalelo: Lepidoptera.
Imbaza etyheli (idacta etyheli yedesika). IPhylum: imollusk. Iklasi: bivalve. Umyalelo: veneroid.
Islamoni (indumiso): I-Phylum: chordate. I-Subphylum: i-verbrate. Umyalelo: i-salmoniformes.
Ihlengethwa laselwandle (delphinidae). Umda: cordate. Iklasi. Isilwanyana. Myalelo: cetacean.
Inciniba (struthio camelus). Umda: cordate. Iklasi: ave. Umyalelo: struthioniforme.
UnombombiyaUmda: cordate. Iklasi: Ave.Umyalelo: sphenisciforme.
Boa: Ukusika: Cordado. Iklasi: sauropsid. Myalelo: squamata.
Ilulwane (chiropter): umda: chordate. Iklasi: isilwanyana esanyisayo. Umyalelo: chiroptera.
Umbungu womhlaba (lumbrícido): i-phylum: i-annelid. Iklasi: clitellata. Umyalelo: haplotaxida.

Ingakukhonza:

Imizekelo eli-100 yeZilwanyana eziQinisekisiweyo
Imizekelo yezilwanyana ezingenamqolo
Ziziphi izilwanyana zaseViviparous?
Imizekelo yezilwanyana eziVuthayo

Ukwahlulwa kobukumkani bezilwanyana

Ubukumkani bezilwanyana emva koko bohlulwa baba ngamaqela amakhulu abizwa ngokuba yi-phyla:

Acanthocephala (Acanthocephalus): iintshulube ezirhubuluzayo (zifumana ukutya kwezinye izilwanyana eziphilayo). Banentloko "enentloko" enameva.
UAcoelomorpha (Acelomorphs): ziintshulube ezinesifo (eziqinileyo, ngaphandle kwemingxunya) ezingenandlela yokugaya ukutya.
Annelida (Ii-Annelids): ziintshulube ezidityanisiweyo (ezinemingxunya) ezinamaqhekeza omzimba.
IArthropoda (arthropods): yi-chitin exoskeleton (i-carapace okanye isakhiwo esifanayo) kunye nemilenze edibeneyo
Brachiopoda (Brachiopods): Zine-loptophore, elilungu elijikeleziweyo elinemingxunya ejikeleze umlomo. Kananjalo banegobolondo enezivalo ezimbini.
Bryozoa (Bryozoans): babe loptophore kunye nomva ngaphandle kwesithsaba sentente.
Chordata (Chordate): Banomqolo womqolo okanye umqolo, obizwa ngokuba yi-notochord. Banokuphulukana nayo emva kwenqanaba le-embryonic.
Cnidaria (I-Cnidarians): izilwanyana ezi-diblastic (ukukhula okupheleleyo kwe-embryonic ngaphandle kwe-mesoderm) ene-cnidoblast (iiseli ezikhupha izinto zokhuselo)
ICtenophora (I-Ctenophores) izilwanyana ezinama-coloblast (iiseli zokubambisa ukutya)
Cycliophora (ICyclophores): izilwanyana ezi-pseudocoelomed (izilwanyana ezinomhlaba oqhelekileyo ongafakwanga i-mesodermal) onomlomo ojikelezayo ojikelezwe yi-cilia (izihombiso ezincinci, ezinjengeenwele)
I-Echinodermata (Echinoderms): izilwanyana ezine "ulusu olunameva". Banomlinganiso wepentarradiate (ulingano oluphakathi) kunye namathambo angaphandle enziwe ngamaqhekeza e-calcareous.
Echiura (Ii-Equiuroideos): iintshulube zolwandle ezine-proboscis kunye "nomsila wameva"
I-Entoprocta (entoproctos): i-lophophores ene-anus efakwe kwisithsaba se-tentacular (anus yangaphakathi)
Gastrotrichia (I-gastrotricos): izilwanyana ezi-pseudocoelomed, ezine-spikes kunye neetyhubhu ezimbini zokuncamathela.
Gnathostomulida (gnatostomúlidos): izilwanyana ezinemihlathi eyahlula kwezinye izilwanyana.
IHemchordata (IiHemichordates): izilwanyana ezinesondo (izilwanyana ezikwimeko ye-embryonic ephuhlisa i-anus phambi komlomo), kunye ne-pharyngeal slits kunye ne-stomocord (uhlobo lomqolo womqolo apho ubunzima bomzimba buxhaswa khona).
IKinorhyncha (iiquinorhincs): izilwanyana ezi-pseudocoelomated ezinentloko ebuyisekayo kunye nomzimba ohlukeneyo.
ILoricifera (I-Lorociferous): izilwanyana ezi-pseudocoelomed ezigqunywe ngumaleko okhuselayo.
Micrognathozoa (micrognatozoa): i-pseudocoelomates enemihlathi entsonkothileyo kunye nesifuba esandekayo.
UMollusca (iimollusks): izilwanyana ezinemizimba ethambileyo, umlomo oneeradula kwaye ugqunywe ngeqokobhe.
Myxozoa (myxozoa) iiparasites ezincinci. Banazo njengezingxobo polar ukuba ukhuseleko izinto zokhuselo.
Nematoda (nematodes): Iimbungu ezi-pseudocoelomated ezine-chitin cuticle.
Nematomorpha (nematomorphs) iintshulube ezirhubuluzayo ezifanayo nezematodes
Nemerte (IiNemerteans): iintshulube zeeselophane (ngaphandle kwesisu, umzimba oqinileyo) enokwandiswa kweproboscis.
Onychophora (velvety worms): iintshulube ezinemilenze ephela kwizikhonkwane ze-chitin.
I-Orthonectide (orthonrectidae): iiparasites ezine-cilia (izihlomelo ezinjengeenwele)
Phoronida (iiphoronidi): iintshulube ezimilise ityhubhu kunye nethumbu elime okwangu-U.
IPlacozoa (placozoans): izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo
Iiplatyhelminthes (flatworms): iintshulube ezine-cilia, ngaphandle kwendundu. Uninzi lwazo zizifunxi-gazi.
I-Pogonophora (pogonophos): Izilwanyana ezimilise ityhubhu ezinentloko enokurhoxiswa.
Porifera (iziponji): iiparazoans (izilwanyana ezingenazo izihlunu, imithambo-luvo okanye amalungu angaphakathi), kunye ne-pores inhalant emzimbeni, ngaphandle kolingano macala.
Priapulida (priapulids): Iimbungu ezi-pseudocoelomated ezine-proboscis ezinokwandiswa ezingqongwe yipapillae.
Rhombozoa (rhombozoa): iiparasites ezenziwe ngeeseli ezimbalwa.
Rotifera (rotifers): i-pseudocoelomates ngesithsaba se-cilia.
Sipuncula (sipuncúlids) iintshulube ezidibeneyo ezinemilomo ejikelezwe ziintsika.
Tardigrada (iibhere zamanzi): isiqwenga somthi esinezahlulo, sinemilenze esibhozo enemilenze okanye iikomityi zokutsala.
Xenacoelomorpha (xenoturbellids): Iintshulube ezingena emzimbeni kunye necilia.