Umxholo
- Iimbonakalo
- Imizekelo yehomoni yezilwanyana
- Iimbonakalo
- Imizekelo yehomoni yezityalo
- Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe?
Inkqubo ye- iihomoni Zizinto ezenziwa yi amadlala endocrine, ethi yakhutshelwa egazini ivelise ukusebenza kweendlela ezithile, kwaye ngale ndlela ezinye zasebenza amalungu omzimba.
Ngale ndlela, kwizilwanyana iihomoni ziluhlobo oluthile abathunywa ezidibanisa imisebenzi yamalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba, ukufikelela kuzo zonke iziphelo zakhe ngokuhamba kwegazi, kunye nokufezekisa utshintsho olufana nokukhawulezisa imetabolism kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuvelisa ubisi okanye ukukhula kwamalungu esini.
Yonke i izinto eziphilayo ezininzi ukuvelisa iihomoni: ezi zivela kwizilwanyana nakwizityalo. Nangona kunjalo, njengakwimeko yokuqala, umzimba unemisebenzi emininzi. iintlobo zehomoni bahluka kakhulu ngakumbi, ngelixa kweyesibini banqunyelwe kwiqela elifutshane.
Inkqubo ye- iihormone zezilwanyana Zizinto ezithuthwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuhamba kwegazi, kwaye zinefuthe kumalungu athile okanye kwizicubu kuwo iseli Ezidibanisa nokuba ziiseli ezidibeneyo, zingenelela kwinkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba lunxibelelwano lweselula.
IiHormone zinokuba zezendalo okanye zokwenziwa, kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa ngabom kwezinye iingxaki zempilo. Unyango kwezonyango olunoxanduva lokufunda ngezifo zehomoni yonyango, kwaye inezigulo eziqhelekileyo ezanyanga isifo seswekile, i-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism.
Iimbonakalo
Phakathi kwemisebenzi eyenziwa ngamahomoni, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kubonakala; ukukhula, ukukhula kunye nokuzala; ukugcina amanqanaba egazi kulwelo, ityuwa, kunye neswekile; ukuyilwa kwamathambo kunye nobunzima bemisipha; kwaye ekugqibeleni ukumodareyithwa kwezenzo zeemvakalelo kunye neenkqubo zemoto phambi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhuthazayo.
Kwizilwanyana, iihomoni zifihlwa ngamadlala angapheliyo e-endocrine ngqo kwigazi.
Imizekelo yehomoni yezilwanyana
| I-insulin | Somatotrophin |
| IGulcagon | IGonadotropin |
| IParathormone | Adrenalin |
| Calcitonin | Follicle Ukukhuthaza iHormone |
| Iprogesterone | Ukunciphisa ihomoni |
| IAldosterone | I-Angiotensin |
| Ihomoni ye-Antidiuretic | Iadrenaline (epinephrine) |
| IProlactin | ICortisol |
| Iiglucocorticoids | Erythropoietin |
| Ioksijini | IMelatonin |
| Ityroxine | I-Estradiol |
| Estrogen | Bradykinin |
| Androgens | Somatropin |
| Iprogesterone | Triodothyronine |
| Testosterone | Androsteneodione |
Kwindaba ye imifuno, iihormone zithiywa ngamagama phytohormones, kwaye zilawula ubukhulu becala imeko yomzimba yezityalo. Ziveliswa ngomthamo omncinci kwizicubu zezityalo, ukusukela eli klasi le izinto eziphilayo ayina madlala.
Iinqanawa zezo zivumela ukuthuthwa kwimeko yehormone yezityalo, ekwakusungula imeko yokuchasana kunye nokulinganisela kwehomoni, ekhokelela kulawulo oluchanekileyo lwemisebenzi yezityalo: ngale ndlela kungasombululwa inkqubo yovalo.
Iimbonakalo
Inkqubo ye- tyala iihomoni Ziye zadityaniswa sisityalo, zifumaneka kwizinga eliphantsi kakhulu ngaphakathi kwezicubu, kwaye zinokusebenza endaweni yokuhlangana kwazo okanye kwezinye. Izityalo kwinqanaba lezicubu zazo zivelisa izinto ezinciphisa okanye zithintele ukukhula, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha into efanayo ivelisa iziphumo ezichaseneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinyama apho impendulo yayo yenziwa khona.
Iihormoni zezityalo zilawula inani elikhulu leziganeko: ukukhula kwezityalo, ukuhla kwamagqabi, ukudubula kweentyatyambo, ukwenziwa kweziqhamo, kunye nokuhluma.
Imizekelo yehomoni yezityalo
Zahlulwe zantlanu, kwaye zidweliswe apha ngezantsi nomsebenzi wazo ophambili:
- Iifayile: Ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo, ukukhula nkqo kwesityalo kunye nokudubula kweentyatyambo kuxhomekeke kwiihomoni zolu hlobo.
- IiCytokinins: Zikhawulezisa ukwahlulahlula iiseli okanye i-mitosis, zibangela ukuba isityalo sikhule kunye ne-auxins.
- Gibberellins: Zibangela ukukhula kwesiqu kunye namagqabi, kunye nokudubula kwembewu.
- Ethylene: IiHormone ezibangela ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo, ukuguga kwesityalo kunye nokuwa kwamagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.
- Iiasidi ze-Abcisic: IHormone eneempembelelo zokuthintela, njengoko inqanda ukukhula kwesiqu.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe?
- Imizekelo yeeHormone
- Imizekelo ye-Endocrine kunye ne-Exocrine Glands
- Imizekelo yeeSeli eziZodwa
