Umxholo
- Imigaqo yokunika amagama inzululwazi
- Zahluke njani iintlobo kwiintlobo zenyani?
- Enye indlela yokuqonda inkcazo yohlobo
- Imizekelo yeentlobo
- Iintlobo ezincinci zezilwanyana
- Iintlobo ezincinci zezityalo
- Iintlobo ezincinci zohlobo lweprotista
- Iintlobo ezincinci zeentlobo zefungus kunye ne-lichen
Iyaqondakala iintlobo kwiqela okanye iseti yezinto eziphilayo (isilwanyana okanye ubukumkani bezityalo) ekwabelana ngamasiko, imikhwa kunye neempawu zomzimba ezifanayo ezifanayo kwaye zahlukile kwezinye. Uhlobo oluthile lukwanakho ukudibana okanye ukudibana kunye nokuvelisa inzala echumileyo.
Iintlobo zabelana ngeqela elinye le-DNA, elenza izinto eziphilayo zohlobo olunye lwazana ngokufana.
Imigaqo yokunika amagama inzululwazi
Imigaqo yokuchazwa kwamagama ehambelana nokuhlelwa kobunzululwazi ibonisa iintlobo ezi-5 ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo:
- Izilwanyana
- Izityalo
- Izityalo ezilinywayo
- Iintsholongwane
- Intsholongwane
Kuzo zonke ezi ntlobo, kunokwenzeka ukumisela iziqendwana ezininzi okanye iindidi zangaphantsi. Ii-subspecies ziqondwa njengezinto ezinomdla okanye eziphuhlisayo. Ii-subspecies zineempawu ezifanayo zokwakheka, zomzimba kunye nokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha ngokubhekisele kwiintlobo ezizezabo, kodwa zinokuba nezinye iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, ingcuka yaseMexico yinto encinci yengcuka engwevu.
Zahluke njani iintlobo kwiintlobo zenyani?
Kuphononongo lwezenzululwazi luyabonakala ngokulula kuba, nangona uhlobo lunegama elinye okanye amabini, igama lesithathu longezwa kwii-subspecies. Ukuqhubeka nomzekelo weentlobo zeengcuka ezingwevu, ifumana igama lokuchazwa ICanis lupus, Ngelixa ii-subspecies zengcuka yaseMexico zikhankanywa njenge UCanon Lupus Bayleyi (okanye Baileyi).
Enye indlela yokuqonda inkcazo yohlobo
Nangona kungekho nkcazo yamkelwe kwilizwe liphela malunga nomxholo wezinto eziphilayo, le ndlela ilandelayo yokwahlula izinto eziphilayo iya kuthathelwa ingqalelo, equka iindidi ezingama-29 ezahlukileyo, apho kunokwenzeka ukwahlula iindidi ngeendidi zeentsapho kunye namaqela aliqela.
Umzekelo: yengonyama nenja. Zombini zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwezilwanyana, kodwa zezezintsapho ezahlukeneyo:Panthera leoUsapho lwe-felidae, ngelixa inja (I-Canis lupus familiarisUvela kusapho lwe-canidae.
Imizekelo yeentlobo
| IAgnatos: 116 | Abantu baseCrustaceans: 47,000 | Ubunzima: 16,236 |
| I-algae eluhlaza: 12,272 | I-Spermatophytes: 268,600 | Abanye: 125,117 |
| Amphibians: 6,515 | IiGymnosperms: 1,021 | Intlanzi: 31,153 |
| Izilwanyana: 1,424,153 | IiFern: i-12,000 | Izityalo zeVascular: 281,621 |
| IiArachnids: 102,248 | Iifungi: 74,000 -120,0004 | Izityalo: 310,129 |
| Iingqameko: 5,007 | Izinambuzane: 1,000,000 | Abakhuseli: 55,0005 |
| Iintaka: 9,990 | Izilwanyana ezingenamqolo: 1,359,365 | Izirhubuluzi: 8,734 |
| Iintsholongwane: 10,0006 | Ubulembu: 17,000 | Ukunxibelelana: 2,760 |
| IiCordochordates: 33 | Izilwanyana ezanyisayo: 5,487 | Iintsholongwane: 32,002 |
| Iziganeko: 64,788 | IiMollusks: 85,000 |
Iintlobo ezincinci zezilwanyana
| I-Acanthocephala: 1,150 | I-Echinodermata: 7,003 | INemertea: 1,200 |
| U-Annelida: 16,763 | U-Echiura: 176 | I-Onychophora: 165 |
| IArachnida: 102,248 | I-Entoprocta: 170 | IPauropoda: 715 |
| IArthropoda: 1,166,660 | IGastrotricha: 400 | IPentastomide: 100 |
| Brachiopoda: 550 | IGnathostomulida: 97 | Isiseko: 10 |
| Bryozoa: 5 700 | IHemichordata: 108 | IPlacozoa: 1 |
| ICephalochordata: 23 | Insecta: 1,000,000 | Iiplatyhelminthes: 20,000 |
| Chaetognatha: 121 | IKinorhyncha: 130 | IPorifera: 6000 |
| IChilopoda: 3,149 | ILoricifera: 22 | Priapulida: 16 |
| Chordata: 60,979 | IMesozoa: 106 | IPycnogonida: 1,340 |
| ICnidaria: 9,795 | IMollusca: 85,000 | IRotifera: 2,180 |
| ICrustacea: 47,000 | IMonoblastozoa: 1 | ISipuncula: 144 |
| ICtenophora: 166 | IMyriapoda: 16,072 | ISymphyla: 208 |
| ICycliophora: 1 | Imatoda: <25,000 | Mnyama: 1,045 |
| IDiplopoda: i-12,000 | Nematomorpha: 331 | Urochordata: 2,566 |
Iintlobo ezincinci zezityalo
| I-Amborellaceae: 1 | I-Equisetophyta: 15 | Matshiantiophyta: 9,000 |
| IiAngiosperms: 254,247 | I-Eudicotyledoneae 175,000 | Iimonoctyledons: 70,000 |
| Anthocerotophyta 100 | IiGymnosperms: 831 | Ubunzima: 15,000 |
| IiAustrobaileyales: 100 | IGinkgophyta: 1 | Nymphaeaceae: 70 |
| IBryophyta: 24,100 | IGnetophyta: 80 | I-Ophioglossales: i-110 |
| ICeratophyllaceae: 6 | IiFern: 12,480 | Ezinye iiConifers: 400 |
| IChloranthaceae: 70 | ILycophyta: 1,200 | IPinaceae: 220 |
| ICycadophyta: 130 | IMagnoliidae: 9,000 | Iipilotoli: 15 |
| IiDicots: 184,247 | IMarattiopsida 240 | IPterophyta: 11,000 |
Iintlobo ezincinci zohlobo lweprotista
| I-Acantharia: 160 | IDictyphyceae: 15 | Umxubeogastria:> 900 |
| I-Actinophryidae: 5 | IDinoflagellata: 2,000 | INyukliya: 160-180 |
| I-Alveolata: 11,500 | I-Euglenozoa: 1520 | I-Opalinata: 400 |
| Amoebozoa:> 3,000 | I-Eumycetozoa: 655 | Opisthokonta |
| Iapicomplexa: 6,000 | I-Eustigmatophyceae: 15 | Enye i-amoebozoa: 35 |
| I-Apusomonadida: 12 | Ukumba: 2,318 | IParabasalia: 466 |
| IArcellinide: 1,100 | Foraminifera:> 10,000 | IPelagophyceae: 12 |
| Archaeplastida | Uhenyuzo: 146 | IPeronosporomycetes: 676 |
| I-Bacillariophyta: 10,000-20,000 | IGlaucophyta: 13 | I-Phaeophyceae: i-1,500-2,000 |
| IBicosoecida: 72 | IHaplosporidia: 31 | Phaeothamniophyceae: 25 |
| ICercozoa: <500 | IHaptophyta: 350 | IPinguiophyceae: 5 |
| Choanomonade: 120 | IHeterokontophyta: 20,000 | IPolycystinea: 700-1,000 |
| Choanozoa: 167 | IHeterolobosea: 80 | I-Preaxostyla: 96 |
| IChromista: 20,420 | Iihyphochytriales: 25 | IProtostelia: 36 |
| IChrysophyceae: 1,000 | Jakobida: 10 | Raphidophyceae: 20 |
| ICiliophora: 3,500 | ILabyrinthulomycetes: 40 | Rhizaria:> 11,900 |
| I-Cryptophyta: 70 | ILobosa: 180 | Rhodophyta: 4,000-6,000 |
| IDictyostelia:> 100 | IMesomycetozoa: 47 | I-Synurophyceae: 200 |
Iintlobo ezincinci zeentlobo zefungus kunye ne-lichen
| I-Ascomycota: ~ 30,000 | I-Basidiomycota: ~ 22,250 | Ezinye (microfungi): ~ 30,000 |
