Imizekelo ye-Homeostasis

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Imizekelo ye-homeostasis

Inkqubo ye- yekhaya Kukukwazi kwezinto eziphilayo ukugcina uzinzo lwangaphakathi lwemizimba yabo, ngokunxulumene nobushushu kunye pH (ukulinganisela phakathi kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkalinity), ngokutshintshiselana umba namandla kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzilawula ezigcina ulungelelwaniso oluguquliweyo oluyimfuneko kulondolozo lobomi.

Yiyo loo nto, ujongene nembonakalo yotshintsho kwimeko yokusingqongileyo, izinto eziphilayo Ungaphendula usebenzise enye yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

Ukuphepha. Inokuthomalalisa okanye ukunciphisa impembelelo yangaphakathi yomahluko okhoyo kwindalo ngeendlela ezithile zokubaleka, ezinje ngokutshintsha ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala iye kwindawo efanelekileyo okanye ngokuthatha iifom ezinganyangekiyo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Isivumelanisi. Ingaphakathi lezinto eziphilayo ziyahluka kunye nokusingqongileyo, kuba umthetho wayo awusebenzi kakuhle, ngenxa yoko kufuneka uhlengahlengise ngokuthe ngcembe okanye "uhambelane" neemeko ezintsha.
Ummiselo. Xa ujongene notshintsho kwindalo esingqongileyo, umntu ophilayo uqhuba izinto ezihlawulwayo ezigcina ingaphakathi lomzimba wakhe ukwimeko ethe rhoqo.

Inkqubo ye- iinkqubo zasekhayaNangona kunjalo, azisebenzi ngokupheleleyo ngokwala macandelo, kuba akukho mzimba unokuba ngumlawuli opheleleyo okanye uhambelane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxutywa kwezi zicwangciso zintathu kuya kwenzeka, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezahlukileyo zendalo kunye nobunjani besidalwa.

Ukulawulwa kokulingana kwemichiza yangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokukhupha, okanye ukugcinwa kwamanqanaba eglucose ngokukhupha, kunokuqondwa njengefom ye-homeostasis. Ukukhutshwa kwehomoni kunye ne-glycogenesis okanye i-glycogenolysis (kwimeko yobuninzi okanye yokunqongophala, ngokulandelanayo).

Veza ilanga. Kuqhelekile ukubona izirhubuluzi, izilwanyana ezingakwaziyo ukulawula ubushushu bazo ngaphakathi (izilwanyana ezinegazi elibandayo), ukuzibeka elangeni ukuze zonyuse iqondo lobushushu lomzimba kwaye zinike amandla amandla emethabolism.
Ukulala ebusuku. Iibhere kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo zihlala zithintela ubunzima bobusika (ikhephu, imvula, amaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ukutya okuncinci) ngokungena emiqolombeni okanye kwimingxunya kude nefuthe lezinto. Apho bacothisa imetabolism yabo kwaye bahlala ubuncinci bokusetyenziswa kwamandla, kugcinwa zii-lipid reservation ezakhelwe ngaphambili.
Ukuqhaqhazela. Xa ujongene nokwehla ngesiquphe ubushushu indalo esingqongileyo, umzimba wezinye izilwanyana ezihlala ekhaya unika umqondiso wovalo kwiimisipha zabo ukuvelisa ukungcangcazela okuvelisa ubushushu bemisipha kwaye kuvumela ukumelana nokubanda kancinci.
Ummiselo weGlucose. Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ebusweni bokuncipha okanye ukugqithisa kweswekile egazini, umzimba womntu usebenze izixhobo zehomoni ezimiselwe ukukhawulezisa ukuhlanganiswa kweswekile (kunye nokwenziwa kweepids zokugcina) okanye ukuyikhupha iipilisi okanye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, yemicu yemisipha kunye nezinye izicwili, ukuze kugcinwe amanqanaba afanelekileyo. Inkqubo ye- ilungu ophethe le misebenzi yipancreas.
Liphephe ilanga. Kwiimeko zokuvezwa lilanga ngokugqithileyo, ezinje ngeentlango okanye ngamaxesha obushushu obugqithisileyo, izirhubuluzi ezinegazi elibandayo kunye nezilwanyana zikhosela phantsi kwamagqabi awileyo, amatye okanye nangaphantsi komhlaba, zileqa ukutsha kwale mimandla ukuthomalalisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo emizimbeni yazo.
I-Vasodilation. Xa singena kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, umzimba wethu uyalela ukwandiswa kwee-capillaries zegazi, sonyusa umphezulu wazo ubonakaliswe kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngaloo ndlela sivumela ilahleko yobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokupholisa igazi.
IVasoconstriction. Okuchasene ne-vasodilation kwenzeka kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, apho ii-capillaries zivaliwe ukunciphisa inani legazi elivezwe kubanda kwaye ke ligcina ubushushu begazi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukuntywila kulusu. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi "goose bumps" yenye yeendlela zekhaya, njengoko kusenza iinwele zolusu zime kwaye zinciphise ubushushu obusasazwa sisikhumba. Yimbonakalo yendaleko esele ihleli ngaphandle kokuphulukana nolunye uhlobo loboya obugqume ookhokho bethu bendalo.

Ukubila. Iqukethe ukugcinwa kwezinto ezingamanzi elukhumbeni, umphunga owuhlaziyayo kwaye uvumele ukunciphisa ukwanda kweqondo langaphakathi.
Ulawulo lwe ammonia. Nangona i-ammonia yinto enxulunyaniswe neenkqubo zethu zokwetyisa, ibonelela nge-nitrogen eyimfuneko yee-amino acid ezahlukeneyo kunye protein, amanqanaba ayo emzimbeni womntu kufuneka abekwe iliso sisibindi. Eli lungu liyakwazi ukuguqula i-ammonia egqithisileyo ibe yi-urea kwaye liyigxothe ngomchamo owenziwe kwizintso. Ngaphandle koko, ukwanda kwe-ammonia kungakhokelela ekonakaleni ekusebenzeni komzimba.
Ulwimi ukubila ezinjeni. Umfanekiso oqhelekileyo wenja nolwimi ngaphandle kungenxa yokuba yindlela yezilwanyana yokutshisa ubushushu kunye nokusingqongileyo, kuba ulwimi lwenja luqulethe unikezelo lwegazi oluninzi kwaye luvumela ukupholisa xa kukhutshwa emzimbeni.
Ukukhawulezisa ukuphefumla. Xa izilwanyana ezincancisayo zikwiindawo eziphantsi koxinaniso lweoksijini, okanye xa amazinga eoksijini egazi asezantsi kakhulu kwimfuno yeselula (xa sisenza umthambo, umzekelo), impendulo ekhawulezileyo iyavela ekhawulezisa ukuphefumla ukuze inyuse icandelo lomoya ophefumlelweyo. Kwangelo xesha, intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi luyanda, lukhuthaza ukubonelelwa okungcono kwegazi elinomoya emzimbeni.
Iseli homeostasis. Kwinkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwe iiseli (uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic), bayayikhupha okanye bayifunxe imixholo ejikelezeyo ngokukhetha inwebu yeplasma, de babe banamanqanaba afanelekileyo oxinzelelo lokuzinza kwabo.
Ummiselo wegazi pH. Imetabolism eqhelekileyo yemizimba yethu ivelisa ubungakanani benkunkuma iiasidi eyophula inqanaba elifanelekileyo le- asidi yegazi, enemida ehambelana nobomi iphakathi kwe-7.0 kunye ne-7.7, ke kufuneka zilahlwe ngokukhawuleza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga kunye nokulawula iinkqubo.
Amajoni omzimba. Ngelixa sigcina izinto ezinomdla ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni, amajoni ethu omzimba asebenza njengesixhobo sokugcina i-homeostasis yenkqubo, iqhubekeka nokuzinza kwayo ebusweni bosulelo olunokubakho okanye isifo, nokuba sele bekwazile ukungena umzimba.