Umxholo
Sonke siqaphele ngamanye amaxesha ukuba xa sikhwela simile ebhasini ize ibhuleke ngequbuliso, umzimba wethu uthanda "ukuqhubeka nokuhamba", okusinyanzela ukuba sibambe ngokukhawuleza into eqinileyo ngaphakathi ebhasini ukuze ingawi.
Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba imizimba ihlala igcina imeko yayo, yokuphumla okanye yokuhamba, ngaphandle kokuba iphantsi kwenyathelo lomkhosi. IFiziksi iyayiqonda le nto njenge "inertia".
Inkqubo ye- inertia Kukuchasana nomba ochasayo ukuguqula imeko yokuphumla okanye yokuhamba, kwaye elo lizwe liguqulwa kuphela ukuba kukho into eliyenzayo. Kuyatshiwo ukuba umzimba une-inertia enkulu uxhathiso olukhulu oluchasayo ukuguqula imeko yalo.
- Jonga kwakhona: Ukuwa simahla kunye nokuphoswa nkqo
Iindidi ze-inertia
IFiziksi yahlula phakathi kwe-inertia yoomatshini kunye ne-inertia ye-thermal:
- Inertia yoomatshini. Kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bentlama. Ubunzima bomzimba obuninzi, i-inertia eninzi inayo.
- Inertia eshushu.Ubungakanani bobunzima apho umzimba utshintsha ubushushu bawo xa udibana namanye amaqumrhu okanye xa ushushu. I-inertia ye-Thermal ixhomekeke kubungakanani bobunzima, ukuqhuba kwe-thermal kunye nobushushu. Ubungakanani bomzimba obuninzi, i-conductivity encinci ye-thermal conductivity okanye ubuninzi beqondo lokushisa elinalo, i-inertia enkulu ye-thermal.
- Bona kwakho: Amandla emxhuzulane
Umthetho wokuqala kaNewton
Umbono we-inertia ubonakaliswe kumthetho wokuqala ka-Newton okanye umthetho we-inertia, ekuthi ngawo umzimba awuphantsi kokwenza kwemikhosi, uya kugcina isantya saso ngobukhulu kunye nolwalathiso ngalo lonke ixesha.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba ngaphambi koNewton, isazinzulu uGalileo Galilei wayesele eyiphakamisile le ngcinga ngokujongana nembono ka-Aristoteli kwincwadi yakhe.Iingxoxo kwiinkqubo ezimbini ezinkulu zehlabathi, iPtolemaic kunye neCopernican, isusela ngo-1632.
Apho uthi (emlonyeni womnye wabalinganiswa bakhe) ukuba umzimba ungatyibilika kunye nenqwelomoya egudileyo kwaye ipolishiwe, inokugcina ukuhamba kwayoinfinitum. Kodwa ukuba lo mzimba ubunokutyibilika kumphezulu otyebileyo, ungaphathwa kakubi sisenzo esinokubangela ukuba sikhawulezise okanye sinciphise amandla (kuxhomekeke kwicala lokuthambekela).
Ke uGalileo wayesele enombono wokuba imeko yendalo yezinto ayisiyiyo kwaphela yokuphumla, kodwa ikwayiyo yokuhamba kwakhona kunye neyunifomu efanayo, ukuba akukho mikhosi ibambeleyo.
- Bona kwakho: Umthetho weSibini kaNewton
Inxulunyaniswa nale ngcinga yomzimba, xa ichaza isimilo sabantu, enye intsingiselo yekota inertia iyavela, esetyenziselwa ezo meko apho abantu bengenzi nto malunga nento ngenxa yomcimbi wokungakhathali, uncamathiselo kulungelelwaniso, intuthuzelo okanye ngokuziyeka nje njengoko zinjalo, ezihlala zilula.
Imizekelo ye-inertia kubomi bemihla ngemihla
Iimeko ezininzi zemihla ngemihla zenza into ebonakalayo ye-inertia:
- Amabhanti okuhlala angaphakathi. Bazivalela kuphela xa umzimba uqhubeka nokushukuma xa kukho ukumisa ngesiquphe.
- Ukuhlamba umatshini nge spin. Igubu lomatshini wokuhlamba linemingxunya emincinci ukuze xa ujikeleza usonta iimpahla, amathontsi amanzi anesantya esithile kunye nendlela ayaqhubeka nokuhamba kwawo kwaye adlule kwimingxunya. Kuyatshiwo ke ukuba inertia yamathontsi, imeko yentshukumo abanayo, inceda ukususa amanzi ezingubeni.
- Ukubamba ibhola ekhatywayo.Ukuba umtoli akayeki ngengalo yakhe ibhola esetyenziswe ngumdlali weqela elichasayo, kuya kubakho injongo. Ibhola eshukumayo, ngenxa ye-inertia yayo, iya kuqhubeka nokuhamba iye ngaphakathi kwinjongo ngaphandle kokuba umkhosi, wezandla zikanozinti kule meko, uyayithintela.
- Ukurhweba ngebhayisekile. Singahambela phambili ngebhayisikile iimitha ezimbalwa emva kokuhamba ngeenyawo kwaye siyeke ukuyenza, i-inertia isenza ukuba siqhubele phambili kude kube kukhuhla okanye ukukhuhlana kuyigqithile, emva koko ibhayisekile iyeke.
- Uvavanyo lweqanda olunzima.Ukuba sineqanda kwiifriji kwaye asazi nokuba likrwada okanye liphekiwe, siliphumla kwikhawuntara, siliguqule ngononophelo kwaye sizame ukulimisa ngomnwe: iqanda elibilisiweyo liza kuyeka kwangoko kuba Umxholo wayo uqinile kwaye wenza konke ngeqokobhe, ukuze xa umisa iqokobhe, kunjalo nangaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iqanda liluhlaza, ulwelo olungaphakathi aluyeki kwangoko kunye neqokobhe, kodwa luya kuqhubeka nokuhamba ithutyana ixesha elide ngenxa ye-inertia.
- Susa ilaphu letafile kwaye ushiye oku kungasentla phezu kwetafile, kwindawo enye. Icebo lokudala umlingo ngokusekwe kwi-inertia; Ukuze ulunge kufuneka utsale ilaphu letafile kwaye into kufuneka ibe lula. Into ephumla kwitafile yokuluka iyayichasa inguquko kwimeko yayo yokuhamba, ihlala ihleli.
- Ukudubula okusebenzayo kwizibhilidi okanye echibini. Xa uzama ukufezekisa i-caroms, usebenzisa i-inertia yeebhola.
- Qhubeka: Umthetho wesithathu kaNewton
