Umxholo
- Iindidi zeeCarbohydrate
- Imizekelo ye-monosaccharides
- Imizekelo yee-disaccharides
- Imizekelo yeeoligosaccharides
- Imizekelo yeepolysaccharides
Inkqubo ye- iikhabhohayidrethi, iikhabhohayidrethi okanye ii-carbohydrate zii-biomolecule ezenziwe yicarbon, hydrogen kunye neoksijini. IiCarbohydrate ziyinxalenye yemizimba yezinto eziphilayo ezalisekisa imisebenzi yolwakhiwo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla.
Ngokuzisebenzisa ukutya, nikezela ngemithombo yamandla efumanekayo ngokulula (ngokungafaniyo amafutha, eziqulathe amandla kodwa zifuna inkqubo ende emzimbeni ukuwafumana). Inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yimolekyuli yehydrohydrate ibizwa ngokuba igcwala.
Igram nganye ye-carbohydrate inegalelo Iikhilogram ezi-4.
Iindidi zeeCarbohydrate
Ngokwesakhiwo sawo, ii-carbohydrate zihlelwa:
- Monosaccharides: Yenziwe yimolekyuli enye.
- Disaccharides: Yenziwe ziimolekyuli ezimbini ze-monosaccharide, ezidityaniswe yi-covalent bond (glycosidic bond).
- IiOligosaccharides: Yenziwe phakathi kweemolekyuli ezintathu ukuya kwezilithoba ze-monosaccharide. Zihlala ziqhotyoshelwe protein, ke zenza iiglycoproteins.
- Iipolysaccharides: Yenziwe ngamatyathanga ee-monosaccharides ezilishumi nangaphezulu. Amatyathanga anokwenza okanye angabinakuba ngamasebe. Kwizinto eziphilayo, zizalisekisa ulwakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yokugcina.
Ingakukhonza: Imizekelo yeMonosaccharides, Disaccharides kunye nePolysaccharides
Imizekelo ye-monosaccharides
I-Arabinosa: Ayifumaneki simahla kwindalo.
I-Ribose: Ifunyenwe kwi:
- Isibindi senkomo
- Inyama yehagu
- Amakhowa
- Ispinatshi
- Ibrokholi
- I-asparagus
- Ubisi olungafakwanga
IFructose: Ifunyenwe kwi:
- ICarob
- Iiplums
- Iiapile
- UTamarind
- Sithandwa
- Amakhiwane
- Iziqhamo zeediliya
- Utamatisi
- Ikhokhonathi
Iswekile yeglucose: Kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba kunye nengqondo. Ifumaneka kwi:
- Iimveliso zederi
- Amantongomane
- Ukutya okuziinkozo
IGalactose: Ayifumaneki kwimeko yayo yendalo.
UMannose Ekutyeni ifumaneka kwiimbotyi.
Xylose: Kunzima ukwetyisa, ifunyenwe koku kutya kulandelayo:
- Umbona
- Amakhoba ombona
Imizekelo yee-disaccharides
I-Sucrose: Yenziwe ngemolekyuli enye yeswekile kunye nenye ye-fructose. Yeyona disaccharide ininzi. Ekutyeni, ifumaneka:
- Iziqhamo
- Imifuno
- Iswekile
- Beetroot
- Iziselo ezimnandi zeshishini
- Iilekese
- Iilekese
I-Lactose: Yenziwe ngemolekyuli yegalactose kunye nemolekyuli yeswekile. Ekutyeni, ifumaneka:
- Ubisi
- Yogurt
- Isitshizi
- Olunye ubisi
Maltose: Yenziwe ziimolekyuli ezimbini zeswekile. Yeyona disaccharide ixhaphakileyo kwindalo, kodwa yenziwe ngoshishino. Ekutyeni, ifumaneka:
- Ibhiya
- Isonka
I-Cellobiose: Yenziwe ziimolekyuli ezimbini zeswekile. Ayikho ngolu hlobo kwindalo.
Imizekelo yeeoligosaccharides
URaffinose: Ifumaneka kwi:
- Iziqu ze-Beet
IMelicitosa: Yenziwe ngemolekyuli enye ye-fructose kunye neeglucose ezimbini. Ekutyeni, ifumaneka:
Imizekelo yeepolysaccharides
Isitatshi: Ifumaneka kwizityalo kuba yindlela abagcina ngayo i-monosaccharides. Ekutyeni zifumaneka kwi
- Utyani
- Utata
- Ithanga
- I-squash
- Iichickpeas
- Umbona
- Iitheniphu
IGlycogen: Igcinwe kwimisipha kunye nesibindi ukunika amandla. Ekutyeni kufumaneka:
- Imifula
- Isonka
- Ilayisi
- Ipasta
- Amazambane
- Utyani
- apile
- orenji
- Oatmeal
- Yogurt
Iselulosi: Yipolysaccharide yolwakhiwo, ifunyanwa eludongeni lweseli ikakhulu izityalo, kodwa nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Yile nto ekutyeni esikubiza ngokuba yi "fiber":
- Ispinatshi
- Ilethasi
- Iiapile
- Imbewu
- Amazimba
- Ipanapula
I-Chitin: Iyafana nakwiseli yeselulosi, kodwa ine-nitrogen kwimolekyuli yayo, eyenza ukuba ichasane ngakumbi. Isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuzinzisa ukutya.
Ingakukhonza: 20 imizekelo yeeCarbohydrate (kunye nomsebenzi wazo)
