Impikiswano

Umxholo

• Izinto zempikiswano
• Iindidi zeentetho ezichukumisayo
• Imizekelo yengxoxo

Impikiswano yingcaciso yolwazi injongo yayo ikukubonisa, ngokuqiqa okunengqiqo, ukunyaniseka kwenqaku, umbono okanye umbono.

Ukuphikisa, ungasebenzisa uthelekiso, iikowuti, iingcinga, iingcaciso kunye nayiphi na ingxoxo kunye nenkqubo yothethathethwano eyimfuneko ukukhusela isikhundla sakho kunye nokuhlasela ngokuchaseneyo.

Iingxoxo, nangona kunjalo, azifani nezimvo. Abokugqibela bazalwa kukuxabisa ngakumbi okanye kancinci ulwazi lomntu malunga nomcimbi oxoxwayo, ngelixa iimpikiswano zihlala zisekwe kwimodeli yokuqiqa, oko kukuthi, banika inkxaso kwaye banamandla okucenga.

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Izinto zempikiswano

Impikiswano ihlala ibandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ithisisi. Isiphetho esiphambili ekuphikiswana ngaso (okanye ngokuchasene)
• Izakhiwo. Iseti yolwazi kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwangaphambili apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuthomalalisa ithisisi.
• Iimpikiswano. Izizathu ezibonisa indlela ithisisi efunyanwa ngayo kwindawo leyo.
• Ukuphikisana. Ukuqiqa okuhlasela indawo kunye nokucinga okuchasayo, okanye ukukhusela eyabo kuhlaselo lwento echaseneyo. Banokuchonga iimpazamo, iimpazamo zokuphikisana okanye banike imizekelo kunye nemizekelo yokuphikisa.
• Izigqibo. Yithathe kancinci nayiphi na ithisisi engqubanayo, okanye uthethathethane ngokuphuhliswa kwethisisi entsha iyonke eyimveliso yengxoxo kwaye eyanelisa indawo yamaqela aphikisayo.

Inokukunceda: Iingxoxo zegunya

Iindidi zeentetho ezichukumisayo

Ithiyori yeempikiswano ichonga iintlobo ezintathu zentetho ecengayo:

• Umboniso. Ufika kwithisisi evela kwindawo, ngokuqiqa ngokutsala, oko kukuthi, ethetha ngeenyaniso kunye nedatha ejolise kuyo. Ayimiseli amanqaku amanqaku (izingqinisiso zomntu owenza ingxelo okanye izimvo zakhe).
• Impikiswano. Ifuna ukukholisa ngokuchaseneyo nokwamkela ithisisi ngenkqubo yezizathu kunye neziphumo, ithathe ithuba lomxholo oqhelekileyo, iimeko ezinikiweyo kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zokubhala (imibuzo ethandabuzekayo, ukuvuma okungachananga, njl.
• Inkcazo. Lukhetho oluphakathi phakathi komboniso kunye nengxoxo, kuba ibandakanya ukunika ulwazi ngenjongo kunye nokufika ngexesha ngalo mbandela, ukufumana indawo efanayo phakathi kwabo baxoxayo. Nangona ifuna ukuhambisa ukungangqinelani, loo njongo inokubuzwa kuba inkcazo nganye igxininisa imiba ethile efanelekileyo.

Imizekelo yengxoxo

1. Iintengiso ezichasene necuba. Okwangoku iibhokisi zecuba zinemiyalezo yesilumkiso malunga nomonakalo osenokwenzeka wempilo oveliswa kukusetyenziswa kwawo, kwaye zikhatshwa yimifanekiso ecacileyo okanye ecetyisayo ebonelela ngempembelelo ebonakalayo nakwimvakalelo kwizilumkiso zonyango. Iseti yenzelwe ukweyisela umthengi ukuba ayeke umkhwa wecuba.
2. Iphulo lonyulo. Ngexesha lokhankaso lolonyulo kwizikhundla zoluntu ezifana nobongameli belizwe, umzekelo, abachasi benza iintetho kunye neengxoxo zoluntu apho bazama ukweyisela uninzi lwabemi ngezimvo zabo malunga noqoqosho, intlalo, ezopolitiko kwaye ke ziphumelele. Ngenxa yoku kufuneka baphikise uluvo lwabo kwaye balukhusele kwimibuzo yeentatheli kunye nabachasi babo.
3. Ingxoxo mpikiswano yesikolo. Xa ingxoxo-mpikiswano ihlelwe esikolweni kwaye amaqela amabini amakhwenkwe ayaphikisana malunga nesihloko ekuza kuxoxwa ngaso, omabini amacala kuya kufuneka asebenzise ingxoxo kunye nokuqiqa ukukhusela isikhundla sabo ngesihloko kwaye ahlasele elomnye, ngaloo ndlela ephumelele awona manqaku maninzi. kwingxoxo mpikiswano.
4. Isigqibo sokugweba. Iijaji neenkundla zinoxanduva lokuvavanya iingxoxo zamaqela kwimbambano okanye impikiswano kunye nokufikelela kwisivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela, kugwetyelwa okanye kuchasene nommangalelwa. Kule nto, omabini la maqela aqesha amagqwetha indima yabo iya kuba kukuphikisana okanye ngokuchaseneyo kwaye ke ngoko bazame ukubonisa ubunyani bembono yabo yokumangalelana malunga nalowo uchasene naye.
5. Isibhengezo. Uninzi lwentengiso luxhasa ukwazisa kwabo ngemveliso ngezithembiso kunye neenkqubo zohlobo lweemvakalelo, kodwa bakwasebenzisa impikiswano ukuya kuthi basichaze, ngokungaphezulu okanye kancinci ngokuqinisekileyo, kutheni le nto kufuneka sikhethe imveliso yabo hayi eyokhuphiswano. Izizathu ezinje ngexabiso, umgangatho kunye nezinye iimpikiswano zinokuba yinxalenye yenkqubo.
6. Impikiswano yomtshato. Nangona olu hlobo lwempixano kunqabile ukuba lusonjululwe ngokuqiqa okuqiqisanayo nangengxoxo-mpikiswano, kwithiyori indoda kunye nenkosikazi yabo baphikisana ngokuzama ukukhusela iimvakalelo zabo kunye nokuqiqa ngobomi bobabini kunye nokufikelela kwisivumelwano nomnye. Ezi ntlobo zothethathethwano zinokufudumala kakhulu, ewe, kodwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo wonke umntu uya kuphikisa kangangoko anako ukuthanda isikhundla sabo.
7. Ukudibana. IHaggling sisibonelelo kunye nokuchasana namaxabiso emveliso okanye into elungileyo ebonelelweyo, phakathi komthengisi kunye nomenzi-sicelo othile.Kule meko, bobabini bayabandakanyeka kwingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nepropathi ekwimpikiswano, bethetha ukuba kutheni befanele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwexabiso ekuvunyelwene ngalo kwaye bezama ukweyisela elinye iqela ukuba lamkele imiqathango yesivumelwano.
8. Ukhuselo lwethisisi. Kukhuselo lwethisisi kwiziko lemfundo, abafundi bafuna ukukhusela iprojekthi yabo kuphando kuhlaselo lwempikiswano yejury, ethi yona ijonge ukubuza iindlela zabo okanye ibonise ukuthandabuza kwabo banqwenela ukuba baphikise kwaye babonakalise ulwazi lwabo lwendawo.
9. Ithiyori yezibalo. Ithiyori kaPythagorean, umzekelo, icebisa ukuba kunxantathu ofanelekileyo inani lesikwere semilenze lilingana nesikwere se-hypotenuse. Le hypothesis ibonakalisiwe ngesisombululo se-arithmetic (ukusonjululwa kwengxaki) yesikhundla, apho amaxabiso akhethiweyo engenamsebenzi, umthetho wobungakanani uya kuhlala uzalisekiswa.
10. Isicelo senkxaso-mali. Umfaki-sicelo, umnini weprojekthi yorhwebo, ucela ibhanki ukuba ifumane imali-mboleko kutyalo-mali lokuqala lweshishini lakhe. Ukuze ibhanki ikwamkele, kuyakufuneka uphikisane kwaye ubonise ukuba ishishini lakho licebo elilungileyo, ukuba linenzuzo, nokuba unezifundo eziyimfuneko kwindawo leyo kwaye namazinga empumelelo aphezulu. Ngaphandle koko abayi kukuboleka imali.

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