12 Imizekelo yeeNzululwazi ze-Abiotic - I-Encyclopedia

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Umxholo

Imizekelo yezinto ezinqabileyo
Unokukukhonza

Inkqubo yendalo esingqongileyo yinkqubo eyenziwe ngamaqela ohlukeneyo ezinto eziphilayo kunye nendalo ebonakalayo apho zinxibelelana khona kunye nokusingqongileyo. Kwinkqubo yezinto eziphilayo sifumana:

Izinto zebhayoloji: Zizinto eziphilayo, oko kukuthi, i izinto eziphilayo. Zivela kwiibhaktheriya ukuya kwizilwanyana ezinkulu nakwizityalo. Banokuba yi-heterotrophic (bathatha ukutya kwabo kwezinye izinto eziphilayo) okanye ii-autotrophs (bavelisa ukutya kwabo kwizinto ezingaphiliyo). Zinxulumene omnye nomnye ngobudlelwane be ukutyiwaubuchule, parasitism, inkululeko, intsebenziswano okanyeMutualism.
Izinto ze-AbioticZonke zizinto ezenza imeko yeekhemikhali zendalo. Ezi zinto zihlala zinobudlelwane obuhlala kunye nezinto eziphilayo kuba zivumela ukusinda kwabo kunye nokukhula. Umzekelo: amanzi, umoya, ukukhanya.

Imiba ye-Abiotic inokuba luncedo kwezinye iintlobo zezityalo hayi ezinye. Umzekelo, a pH Iasidi (into ebabayo) ayithandeki ekusindeni nasekuvelisweni kwakhona iintsholongwane (biotic factor) kodwa ewe kwifungi (biotic factor).

Izinto zebhayoloji zimisela iimeko apho izinto eziphilayo zinokuhlala khona kwindalo ethile. Ngesi sizathu, ezinye izinto ziyakhula uhlengahlengiso kule miqathango, oko kukuthi, ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izinto eziphilayo zinokutshintshwa zizinto eziphilayo.

Kwelinye icala, izinto zebhayoloji ziguqula iimeko ze-abiotic. Umzekelo, ubukho bezinto ezithile eziphilayo (i-biotic factor) emhlabeni bunokutshintsha ubumuncu (i-abiotic factor) yomhlaba.

Jonga kwakhona: Imizekelo yezinto eziphilayo kunye nebiotic

Imizekelo yezinto ezinqabileyo

AmanziUkufumaneka kwamanzi yenye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ubukho bezinto eziphilayo kwi-ikhosistim, kuba kubalulekile ekusindisweni kwazo zonke iintlobo zobomi. Kwiindawo apho kungekho kubakho rhoqo kwamanzi, izinto eziphilayo ziye zavelisa ukulungelelaniswa okubavumela ukuba bachithe ixesha elininzi ngaphandle kokudibana namanzi. Ukongeza, ubukho bamanzi buchaphazela ubushushu nokufuma komoya.
Ukukhanya okungapheliyo: Luhlobo lokukhanya olungabonakaliyo kwiliso lomntu.
Imitha yelanga: Yimisebe ye-electromagnetic radiation. Ayibonakali. Umphezulu womhlaba ukhuselwe kuninzi lwalemitha ngumoya. Nangona kunjalo imitha ye-UV-A (ubude bamaza aphakathi kwama-380 ukuya kuma-315 nm) ufikelela kumphezulu. Le misebe ayonakalisi kangako kwizicubu zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokwahlukileyo, imitha ye-UV-B ibangela ukutshiswa lilanga kunye nomhlaza wolusu.
Umoya: Ukusuka kwinto ethethwayo malunga nemitha yelanga, kunokuqondakala ukuba iatmosfera kunye neempawu zayo zichaphazela ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo.
Ubushushu: Ubushushu busetyenziswa zizityalo ngexesha lefotosinthesis. Ukongeza, kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo kukho ubuninzi kunye nobushushu obuncinci bokusingqongileyo apho banokuphila khona. Kungenxa yoko le nto utshintsho lwehlabathi kubushushu njengokuphela kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Inkqubo ye- iintsholongwane ekuthiwa yiExtremophiles kunokunyamezela ubushushu obugqithisileyo.
UmoyaUmxholo womoya uchaphazela ukukhula kunye nempilo yezinto eziphilayo. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho icarbon monoxide esemoyeni, iyingozi kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuquka nabantu. Umoya ukwachaphazela, umzekelo, ukukhula kwezityalo: imithi ehlala kwiindawo ezinomoya oqheleneyo kwicala elinye ikhula igoso.

Ukukhanya okubonakalayo: Kubalulekile kubomi bezityalo, kuba iyangenelela kwinkqubo yefotosinthesisi. Ivumela izilwanyana ukuba zibone zijikeleze ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enjengokukhangela ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela.
Ikhalsiyam: Yinto efumaneka kuqweqwe lomhlaba kodwa nasemanzini olwandle. Yinto ebalulekileyo kwizinto zebhayoloji: ivumela ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwamagqabi, iingcambu kunye neziqhamo kwizityalo, nakwizilwanyana kubalulekile ukomelela kwamathambo, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.
Ubhedu: Sesinye sezinyithi ezimbalwa ezinokufunyanwa kwindalo kwi imeko ecocekileyo. Ifunxwe njenge-cation. Kwizityalo, ithatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yefotosinthesisi. Kwizilwanyana, ifumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ithatha inxaxheba kulondolozo lwemithambo yegazi, imithambo-luvo, amajoni omzimba kunye namathambo.
Initrogen: Iifom ezingama-78% zomoya. Iimbotyi zifunxa ngqo emoyeni. Iibhaktheriya ziguqula i-nitrate. I-nitrate isetyenziswa zizinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ukwenza i protein.
Ioksijini: Ingaba u into yemichiza uninzi ngobuninzi kwindalo ephilayo, oko kukuthi, ulwandle, umoya kunye nomhlaba. Yinto ye-abiotic kodwa ikhutshwa yinto ye-biotic: izityalo kunye ne-algae, enkosi ngenkqubo yefotosinthesisi. Izinto eziphilayo zeAerobic zezo zifuna ioksijini ukuguqula izakhamzimba zibe ngamandla. Abantu, umzekelo, zizinto eziphilayo ze-aerobic.
UkuphakamaNgokweJografi, ukuphakama kwendawo kulinganiswa kuthathelwa ingqalelo umgama wayo othe nkqo ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle. Ke ngoko, xa ubonakalisa ukuphakama, kubonisiwe, umzekelo, i-200 m.a.s.l. (iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle). Ukuphakama kubuchaphazela bobabini ubushushu (kunciphisa iidigri ze-0.65 kuyo yonke i-100 yeemitha zokuphakama) kunye noxinzelelo lomoya.