Imizekelo yeChromatography

Ividiyo: Basics of chromatography | Chemical processes | MCAT | Khan Academy

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Imizekelo yeChromatography
Ezinye iindlela zokwahlula imixube

Inkqubo ye- chromatography yindlela ye ukwahlulwa kwemixube izakhiwo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumasebe ahlukeneyo e inzululwazi. Sebenzisa iseti yeendlela ezisekwe kumgaqo wokugcina okhethiweyo kwi hlula izinto zomxube kwindawo ephezulu yobunyulu, okanye ukubachonga ngomxube kunye nokuchonga umda wabo ngqo.

Ngale ndlela, i chromatography iquka ukuveza umxube othile kwinkxaso ethile (irhasi, iphepha, a ulwelo cala, njl.

Inkxaso (lonto ayifunxi) kukudibana kokudityaniswa komxube kumphezulu wenkxaso, kwaye ngokwahluka kumanqanaba okusabela kumxube womxube, ezi zinokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye ipesenti yazo yoxinaniso inokulinganiswa nakweyiphi na imeko.

Inkqubo yokwahlukana yenzeka ngezigaba ezibini:

Isigaba esimileyo. Umxube usetyenziswa kwinkxaso ethile kwaye ulungiselelwe umlinganiso.
Inqanaba leselfowuni. Enye into ihanjiswa kwinkxaso, ukuvumela ukuphendula kwayo ngamacandelo omxube kwaye umahluko kwinqanaba lokuphendula lizahlula.

Ngale ndlela, ezinye izinto baya kuhlala behamba kwaye abanye bahlale, ngokwemo zabo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba obuhle kunye neselfowuni yeemeko ezahlukeneyo: lulwelo, luqinile kwaye lunomoya.

Bona kwakho: Imizekelo yemixube

Ukuchitha iwayini kwilaphu elimhlophe. Njengoko iwayini iyoma ngokudibana nomoya, izinto ezahlukileyo eziyilwayo ziya kumbala umbala omhlophe welaphu, ngaloo ndlela bavumela ukuba bachongwe xa ngesiqhelo kungenakwenzeka.
Kuvavanyo lwegazi. I-Chromatografi yeesampulu zegazi zihlala zenziwa ukuze zikwazi Yahlula uze uchonge izinto eziqulethwe kuyo, ngesiqhelo ayibonakali, ngokusekwe kumbala abonakalisa inkxaso okanye ukulawulwa kukukhanya okuthile. Injalo imeko yesiyobisi okanye into ethile, enje ngotywala.
Kuvavanyo lomchamo. Umchamo, nangaphezulu kwegazi, ngumxube weemixube ezahlukeneyo, ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwayo kubonisa indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo. Yiyo loo nto ukwahlulwa kwe-chromatographic kunokwenziwa. ukujonga iintsalela ezingaqhelekanga, njengegazi, iityiwa, iswekile okanye iziyobisi.
Ukuphononongwa kwendawo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Njengakwiifilimu: amalaphu, imicu, amalaphu okanye ezinye izixhasi ziyathathwa Ukujonga ukwahlulwa kokubambelela kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngamadlozi okanye igazi, elinokuthi ekuqaleni lingaqapheleki.
Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kokutya. Ukusukela ekuphenduleni kokutya xa uphantsi kwembonakalo ye-chromatographic kuyaziwa, Kuyabonakala ukuba ngaba kukho uhlobo oluthile lwento engafanelekanga okanye imveliso yeearhente zentsholongwane kuzo kwisampulu encinci.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwenqanaba lokungcola. Nokuba usemoyeni okanye emanzini, impendulo yezinto ezichithakeleyo nezingabonakaliyo inokulinganiswa kwisampulu encinci, usebenzisa inkxaso ethile evumela ukwahlula phakathi kwezixhobo, ukuvumela amanzi ome, umzekelo.
Uvavanyo lwe-microbiology oluntsonkothileyo. Obu buchule busetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukulwa izifo ezifana ne-Ebola, umzekelo, kuba kule meko ivumela umahluko phakathi kwezona zintsholongwane xa ujongene nesifo esibulalayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwePetrochemical. I-Chromatography iluncedo kwinkqubo yokwahlulahlula hydrocarbon ipetroleum kunye notshintsho lwayo lube zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezisulungekileyo, ezineempawu ezifanayo kunye nokubambelela.
Ukujonga umlilo. Ukuchonga ukuba bacaphukisiwe okanye akunjalo, i-chromatography yamasalela ihlala isetyenziselwa ukumisela bonisa ubukho bezinto ezingalindelekanga ezisebenza kwakhona zahlukile kwezinye, ngokuqinisekileyo ifosili yeefuweli.
Ukwahlula ii-inki. Kuba ii-inki zenziwe ngee-pigment ezahlukeneyo kulwelo oluphakathi, kunokwenzeka ukuba Yahlula la mabala ngokwe-chromatography kwaye ubonise umahluko phakathi kwento nganye. Ngapha koko, luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo xa kufikwa ekuchazeni obu buchule, kusetyenziswa amakishayo anemibala.
Ukufunyanwa kweRadioactivity. Kuba izinto ezinemitha yeathom zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nereyithi yokuphuma kunombandela oqhelekileyo, zihlala zichongiwe kusetyenziswa obu buchule elebhu. ukuveza umba kwizinto ezibonisa utshintsho kwinqanaba lokuphendula.
Ukuchonga ubunyulu bento. Izixhobo zokucoceka okuphezulu zihlala zifuneka kumzi mveliso, ngakumbi iigesi (ukungazinzi kwazo kwenza ukuba kube nzima oku) kunye nendlela yokuvavanya oku chromatographic ubhaqo iintsalela zezinye izinto, Ukusetyenziswa kwesigaba esimanzi esimanzi.
Isifundo sewayini. Ekufumaniseni iwayini ze-monovarietal, i-chromatografi ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwazi ukuba ixutywe nezinye iintlobo, kuba ezi ziya kuthi zibonise iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezinokubonakala kubukho bendidi eyahlukileyo emileyo.
Ukulawulwa kokukhutshwa kwemimoya yoshishino. Nge-chromatography yegesi, Izinto ezisemgangathweni ezisemgangathweni ezinxilisayo zinokuchongwa kwaye zibalwe (i-ethanol, i-methanol, i-acetaldehyde, i-acetal, njl. njl.
Izifundo zomgangatho weoyile yomnquma. I-Chromatography ibalulekile kuphononongo kunye nokuhlelwa kweoyile ye-olive, kuba ibonelela ngesifundo seprofile, i-asidi kunye nexabiso le-peroxide ekhoyo kumxube.