Umxholo
A ijeli yimeko yemeko phakathi yomelele kwaye ulwelo. Le yinto colloidal (umxube). Oko kukuthi, yi umxube equlathe izigaba ezibini nangaphezulu (isigaba sekota sicacisiwe apha ngezantsi). Ubukhulu becala ubukhulu bayo buyanda xa udibana namanzi.
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zegels, ngaphakathi ezinokusetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango, (ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba). Nangona kunjalo, iigels zikwasetyenziselwa iimveliso ezinamakha, ukutya, ipeyinti kunye nezinto zokuncamathelisa.
Inkqubo ebizwa ngayo i-gel ibizwa ngokuba gelation.
Amanqanaba eegel
Iigel zinezigaba ezibini; a isigaba esiqhubekayo ngokubanzi yomelele kunye nenye isigaba esasaziweyo ubukhulu becala ulwelo. Nangona esi sigaba sesibini singamanzi, ijeli inokungaguquguquki kokuqina ngaphezu kolwelo.
Umzekelo weyona gel ixhaphakileyo yile ijeli. Apho siyakwazi ukubona iifayile ze- isigaba esiqhubekayo (i-gelatin kwigranu okanye umgubo) kunye isigaba esasaziweyo (I-gelatin exutywe namanzi).
Inkqubo ye- isigaba esiqhubekayo inika ukungqinelana kwijel ethintela ukuba ingahambi ngokukhululekileyo, ngelixa isigaba esasaziweyo ithintela ukuba ingabinobunzima.
Iimpawu zegels
Ezinye iigel zinempawu zokudlula zisuka kwelo colloidal zisiya kwenye ngokungcangcazela. Eli nqaku libizwa mzantsiweb. Imizekelo yoku ziipeyinti, ialkaline kunye nelatex. Ezinye ii-gel ze-thixotropic zezi: isosi yetumato, udongwe kunye neeyogathi.
Ukungqinelana kweegel ziya kwahluka phakathi ulwelo oluqinileyo lwe-viscous kwaye ulwelo ngokuqina okuphezulu. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kumalungu ijeli. Kungoko ke kunokuthiwa iigels zibonakalisa inqanaba elithile ukungazinzi.
Nangona kunjalo, njengophawu oluqhelekileyo, iigels ziphakathi elastic.
Uhlobo lweegel
Kuxhomekeke kukungaguquguquki kwegel, ezi zinokuhlulwa-hlulwa zibe:
- IiHydrogels. Banokungqinelana okungamanzi. Basebenzisa njengendlela yokusasaza, amanzi. Uninzi lweegel zifumaneka apha.
- Iimpawu zegumbi. Zifana nehydrogels kodwa zisebenzisa isinyibilikisi semvelaphi yendalo. Umzekelo wale ngu ikhristallization ye-wax kwioli.
- IiXerogeles. Zi-gels ezinenkangeleko eqinileyo kuba azinanyibilikisi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweegel
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuxhaphake kakhulu kwicandelo lamayeza, izithambiso, ikhemistri, njl. Isetyenziswa ngakumbi kwizithambiso, ngakumbi kunyango lweenwele.
Kwezonyango zisetyenziselwa unyango kumngxunya wendlebe okanye emathatheni okombini kuba yomibini imijelo kunzima ukufikelela kuyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza aqinileyo kunokuba nzima ekucoceni kwabo okulandelayo.
Imizekelo yeegel
- Udongwe
- Iingcingo zefayibha ezibonakalayo. Kwezi meko isiphumo sepetroleum siyasetyenziswa. Le jeli ivumela imicu ukuba ihlale iguquguqukayo.
- Custard
- Ijeli yokuhlamba
- Ijeli yeenwele
- Ukunciphisa ijeli
- I-gelatin eqhelekileyo
- Ijeli
- Iimfihlo ezimuncu (i-mucus okanye i-mucus). Oku kubalulekile kuba kugcina ukufuma kwempumlo, ipharynx, i-bronchi kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla ngokubanzi.
- Ibhotolo etyheli
- Imayonnaise
- Ijam yeziqhamo (yongeza Iipectins ukukhulisa ukungaguquguquki)
- Isonka samasi esithambileyo
- Ketchup
- Iglasi
- Yogurt
Ingakukhonza:
- Imizekelo yeeSolid, uLwelo kunye neGaseous
- Imizekelo yePlasma State
- Imizekelo yeeCloids
