Imizekelo ye-Autotrophic Organisation

Izinto eziphilayo ze-Autotrophic - I-Encyclopedia

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Iindidi ze-Autotrophic Organisms
Imizekelo ye-Autotrophic Organisation
Unokukukhonza

A into ephilayo (ekwabizwa ngokuba ophilayongumbutho ontsonkothileyo weenkqubo zonxibelelwano zemolekyuli. Ezi nkqubo zimisela ubudlelwane bangaphakathi obahlukeneyo (ngaphakathi kwento ephilayo) nangaphandle (komzimba kunye nemo engqongileyo) ezivumela ukutshintshiselana umba namandla.

Yonke into ephilayo yenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo: isondlo, ubudlelwane kunye nokuzala.

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela abenza ngayo ukutya kwabo, izinto eziphilayo zinokuba yi-autotrophic okanye i-heterotrophic.

Izinto eziphilayo zeHeterotrophicZondla ngezinto eziphilayo ezivela kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Izinto eziphilayo ze-Autotrophic: Bavelisa izinto zabo eziphilayo kwizinto ezingaphiliyo (ikakhulu icarbon dioxide) kunye Imithombo yamandla njengokukhanya. Ngamanye amagama, abadingi ezinye izinto eziphilayo kwisondlo sabo.

Ingakukhonza: Imizekelo ye-Autotrophic kunye neHeterotrophic Organisation

Iindidi ze-Autotrophic Organisms

Izinto eziphilayo ze-Autotrophic zinokuba:

Iifotosinthetics: Zizityalo, ulwelwe kunye nezinye iintsholongwane ezisebenzisa ukukhanya ukuguqula izinto ezingaphiliyo ezifumaneka kwindalo esingqongileyo zibe zangaphakathi zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokusebenzisa ifotosinthesisi, ukukhanya kwelanga kugcinwa ngokohlobo lweemolekyuli eziphilayo, ikakhulu iswekile. I-photosynthesis yenzeka ikakhulu kumagqabi ezityalo, enkosi kwii-chloroplast (ii-organelles zeselula ezine-chlorophyll). Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukwenza icarbon dioxide iikhompawundi eziphilayo Ibizwa ngokuba yiCalvin Cycle.
Imichiza yemichiza: Iibhaktiriya ezenza ukutya kwazo ngezinto ezinentsimbi, i-hydrogen, isulfure kunye ne-nitrogen. Abadingi kukhanya ukuze benze ifayile ye- igcwala ezo zinto zingaqhelekanga.

Inkqubo ye- Izinto ezizenzekelayo Zibalulekile kuphuhliso lobomi, kuba kuphela kwazo ezinokudala, kwizinto ezingaphiliyo, izinto eziphilayo ezinokutya njengokutya kwazo zonke ezinye izinto eziphilayo, kubandakanya nabantu. Babezizinto zokuqala eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Iibhakteria ezingenambala: (chemosynthetics) Batshintsha i-H2S eninzi emanzini amdaka ukuyijika ibe kukutya.
Iibhaktheriya zeNitrogen: (chemosynthetics) Zidibanisa iammonia ukuyiguqula ibe ziitrate.
Iibhaktheriya zentsimbi: (chemosynthetics) Ngokusebenzisa ioksijini, baguqula iikhompawundi zentsimbi zibe yimixube ye-ferric.
Iibhaktheriya zeHydrogen: (chemosynthetics) Basebenzisa i-molecular hydrogen.
ICyanobacteria: (photosynthetic) Ekuphela kwezinto eziphilayo zeprokaryotic ezikwaziyo ukwenza ifotosinthesisi yeoksijini. Kwakukholelwa ukuba zi-algae, de kube kufunyenwe umahluko phakathi kweeseli zeprokaryotic (ngaphandle kweseli yeseli) kunye neeseli ze-eukaryotic (kunye nenuseli yeseli eyahlulwe yimbumba). Basebenzisa icarbon dioxide njengomthombo wekhabhon.
I-Rhodophic (ubomvu obomvu) (photosynthetic): Phakathi kweentlobo ezingama-5000 nama-6000. Banokuhlelwa njengezityalo okanye iiprotheyinti, kuxhomekeke kwiindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo. Nangona ziqulathe iklorofili a, zikwanazo nezinye izinto zombala ezifihla umbala oluhlaza weklorofili, kwaye zahlule kolunye ulwelwe. Zifumaneka ikakhulu emanzini anzulu.
Ochromonas: (photosynthetic): ulwelwe unicellular okwe-algae yegolide (Chrysophyta). Enkosi kwiflagella yabo banokuhamba.
Iparsley (photosynthetic): Isityalo esiHerbaceous esilinywe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-300 ukuze sisetyenziswe njengesinongo. Ifikelela kwiisentimitha ezili-15 ukuphakama. Nangona kunjalo, ineziqu zeentyatyambo ezinokudlula kwiisentimitha ezingama-60.
I-oess oki (quercus petraea): (photosynthetic) Umthi weFrond wosapho lwe-phagaceae. Zinee-acorn ezikhula kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Inamagqabi ane-lobes erhangqiweyo, apho iklorofili ifunyanwa khona.
Intyatyambo iDaisy (photosynthetic): Igama layo lezenzululwazi li-asteraceous, sisityalo se-angiosperm. Lubonakala ziintyatyambo zalo. Amagqabi ayo, apho ifotosinthesisi ivela khona, ahlala edityanisiwe, atshintshana, kwaye ajikeleza.
Ingca (photosynthetic): Ikwabizwa ngokuba yingca okanye ingca. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zengca ezikhula kwindawo evulekileyo eshinyeneyo. Zisetyenziswa egadini kodwa nakwimidlalo eyahlukeneyo.
IHydrangea: (photosynthetic) Ishinyeneyo yeentyatyambo ezenza izihloko ezikhulu zemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, epinki okanye emhlophe ngokuxhomekeke kwi ubumuncu umhlaba.
ULaurel (photosynthetic): Umthi oluhlaza luhlala luhlaza okanye ityholo (elihlala liluhlaza ngawo onke amaxesha onyaka). Amagqabi ayo, apho iklorofili ifunyanwa khona kunye nefotosinthesisi, zisetyenziswa njengesinongo.
Diatom (photosynthetic): photosynthesizing alic unicellular algae eyinxalenye yeplankton. Zikhona njengeekholoni ezenza i-filaments, iirebhoni, abalandeli okanye iinkwenkwezi. Bahlukile kwezinye i-algae kuba yonke into ijikelezwe ludonga olunye lweseli oluqukethe i-opaline silica. Le nwebu ibizwa ngokuba yinkxwaleko.
XanthophyceaeI-algae eluhlaza-tyheli (photosynthetic). Bahlala ikakhulu kumanzi acocekileyo nasemhlabeni, nangona kukho iintlobo zezinto zaselwandle. Ii-chloroplast, ezithatha inxaxheba kwi-photosynthesis, zibanika umbala wazo.