Umxholo
Ihlelo le ubusoshiyali Ingumbono omiselweyo wokuchaza uqoqosho apho ipropathi yeempahla idityanisiwe, kwaye ke indlela yemveliso ayithathi bantu njengabathengisi bamandla abo abasebenzi kodwa ngokuchanekileyo amandla ezabasebenzi njengendlela yokufumana inzuzo yomntu wonke.
IMarxism kunye nohlalutyo lwenkunzi
Umbono wentlalontle uvela kwimirhumo yethiyori UKarl Marx, owathi emsebenzini wakhe wonke ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba wazinikela ekubonakaliseni indlela imveliso yongxowankulu Ukuchaza Ukwahlula okuveliswa yile nkqubo phakathi kwabantu kunye nemveliso yomsebenzi wabo, phakathi kwabantu nomsebenzi abawenzayo, naphakathi kwabantu kunye namandla abo obuntu, ngenxa yezi zimbini zangaphambili.
Kungenxa yoku uMarx ecebisa ukuba Ukudityaniswa kwazo zonke iindlela zemveliso, kunye nokutshintshwa kobomi ekuhlaleni ngokwamagumbi, oko kwakuthetha ukoyiswa kwendlela yongxowankulu yemveliso kunye nokunyanzelwa kukaRhulumente.
Bona kwakho: Imizekelo yokuHanjiswa
Imowudi yehlabathi yokuvelisa
Umsebenzi kaMarx, enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwinkulungwane yakhe, ugxile ikakhulu ekubonakaliseni ubungxowankulu kunye nokuchaza imeko yakhe yokuwa, endaweni yokuphakamisa enye imeko. Imowudi yokuqokelelwa kwemveliso (ebizwa ngokuba bubukomanisi) ibonakaliswa ngokuba lihlabathi, kodwa akukho zicaciso zingaphaya ngokubhekisele ekuphunyezweni kwayo, okuya kuthi kwenziwe ulwe phakathi kweeklasi ezimbini apho abantu bahlulahlulwe phakathi kongxowankulu: oosomashishini (okanye oohlohlesakhe) kunye nabasebenzi.
Inyani yile, xa ubungxowankulu budityanisiwe njengenkqubo yehlabathi, Imibono ethathela ingqalelo ukuphuma kobukomanisi njengethuba kuye kwafuneka ukuba inkqubo yabo ihlengahlengiswe kwezinye iindidi zongxowankulu, njengobunye bamazwe okanye idemokhrasi: kunjalo ke ukuba amalinge ososhiyali athe enziwa ukutyhubela inkulungwane yamashumi amabini anqunyanyisiwe kwilizwe elinye okanye imbinana kuwo, ngaphandle kokufumana uphawu olubalulekileyo lwehlabathi phantsi kweenqobo zikaMarx.
Ubusoshiyali kwinkulungwane yama-20
Into yokuba uqoqosho oluhlanganyelweyo ibiyinto eyodwa kwilizwe longxowankulu lithetha, ngokuyinxenye, ukuba abayifezekisanga injongo yabo yoqobo: nangona koluqoqosho ubudlelwane obunemveliso babungebobobodidi ngexesha lobungxowankulu, iimpahla eziveliswa apho zananiselana phantsi kweenqobo zongxowankulu nangaphandle, ukujoyina itotali yemveliso yoluntu ngengqondo yobungxowankulu, kodwa nemveliso yombuso esembindini.
Nangeyiphi ndlela, Kwakukho amazwe aliqela akhetha ubusoshiyali kwinkulungwane yama-20 neye-21Zimbalwa izibophelelo ezinokusekwa phakathi kwazo zonke: uninzi kuye kwafuneka lusebenzise oozwilakhe noxinzelelo kwingcinezelo yezopolitiko, kurhoxiswa unyulo olukhululekileyo. Uninzi lufumene impendulo enobundlongondlongo kwiibhloko zongxowa-nkulu ezikufutshane, kwaye kwafuneka bajongane ngendlela yobundlobongela bezixhobo okanye enye into. Ubume obunqongopheleyo kubusoshiyali babuthetha ukuba uninzi kuye kwafuneka lujongane nokusikelwa umda okunikezelwa kukuzingisa nokuzingca ngasese, njengorhwaphilizo kunye nolawulo olugqithisileyo.
Bona kwakho: Imizekelo evela kumazwe aPhuhlileyo
Nazi ezinye imizekelo yamava ososhiyali kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ecacisa uhlobo lwentlalo-ntle esetyenzisiweyo:
- China, ubusoshiyali kunye neqela elinye ukusukela ngo-1949. (Nangona enamacandelo oqoqosho lweemarike)
- Viyethnam, neqela elinye ukusukela ngo-1976.
- Nikharaguwa, kurhulumente ojonge ubusoshiyali ngaphakathi kongxowankulu, ukusukela ngo1999.
- Inkqubo ye- Umanyano lweRiphabhlikhi yaseSoviet Socialist, Amava asondele kakhulu ekwandiseni inkqubo yobusoshiyali kwihlabathi liphela, phakathi kowe-1922 nowe-1991.
- Chili, phantsi kobongameli bedemokhrasi kaSalvador Allende, phakathi ko-1970 no-1973.
- Bholiviya, ngurhulumente ojonge ubusoshiyali besimilo semveli kubungxowankulu, ukusukela ngo1999.
- Tyhubha, I-socialism yeqela elinye ukusukela ngo-1959.
- Venezuwela, kurhulumente ojonge ubusoshiyali ngaphakathi kongxowankulu, ukusukela ngo1999.
- Lawos, neqela elinye ukusukela ngo-1975.
- emantla ekorea, ulawulo lobuzwilakhe ukusukela ngo-1945.
- Dominikha
- Norowe
- Swiden
- Finlend
- Ayisilend (ezintlanu zokugqibela, kunye neemodeli zoqoqosho zentengiso kodwa ezinorhulumente obandakanyekayo kumbutho kunye nokuxhasa ngezimali impilo-ntle ngendlela ephezulu kakhulu).
Bona kwakho: Amazwe aphakathi, ePheripheral kunye neSemi-peripheral
