Inkqubo ye- chemistry Yinzululwazi efunda ukwakheka kunye notshintsho olunokuthi lubekho, nakweyiphi na indlela. Enye yezona ndawo zibaluleke kakhulu zokufunda kwi-chemistry yile iigesi, njengoko kufuneka kwenziwe uhlalutyo lokuziphatha kwabo eMhlabeni.
Iigesi, njengoko kujoliswe kulo lonke uqeqesho, kufuneka zichazwe ngeendlela zokulinganisa kunye nezinye izinto zezibalo kunye neenkcukacha-manani, eziya kuthi ngokwahlukileyo zihluke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwegesi kunye neemeko eziyingqongileyo. Ngenxa yokuntsokotha kwezi zibalo, usokhemisi uJan van Helmont (ikwanguye owaqamba ingcinga zerhasi) wenza umthetho odumileyo, utyekelo lokuziphatha kwegesi, kubudlelwane bayo phakathi kwamandla e-kinetic kunye neqondo lobushushu.
Inkqubo ye- Umthetho kaVan HelmontKwinguqulelo yayo elula, ibonisa ukuba kubushushu obungaguquguqukiyo umthamo wobunzima obulinganisiweyo begesi ulwahlula ngokuthe ngqo kuxinzelelo olukhoyo: P V = k rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naliphi na igalelo lenzululwazi, kufuneka likwazi ukudityaniswa kunye nokuthembeka kwalo kuqinisekiswe, kwafunyaniswa ukuba akunjalo kuzo zonke iimeko.
Isigqibo ekufikelelwe kuso kukuba ayikuko ukuba uMthetho wawungalunganga, kodwa oko yayisebenza kuphela kwirhasi yethiyori, intelekelelo yegesi apho iimolekyuli zingawi phakathi kwazo, zihlala zinenani elifanayo leemolekyuli ezihlala kumthamo ofanayo kwiimeko ezifanayo zoxinzelelo kunye nobushushu, kwaye ayinamandla anomdla okanye anyanyekayo.
Inkqubo ye- igesi efanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokumela igesi ekhoyo, yi Isixhobo sokuququzelela inani elikhulu lokubala kwezibalo.
Inkqubo ye- ukulingana ngokubanzi kweegesi ezifanelekileyoNgapha koko, kubangelwa kukudityaniswa kweminye imithetho emibini esisiseko yekhemistri, ekwathatha ukuba iigesi ziyahlangabezana neempawu zegesi efanelekileyo. Umthetho kaBoyle-Mariotte ubalisa umthamo kunye noxinzelelo lobungakanani begesi kubushushu obungagungqiyo, kuba iyalingana. Umthetho kaCharles-Gay Lussac ubalisa ivolumu kunye neqondo lobushushu, kuba ziyalingana ngokuthe ngqo noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo.
Akunakwenzeka ukwenza ifayile ye- uluhlu lweegesi ezifanelekileyo, kuba njengoko kusitsho yodwa irhasi yokucinga. Ukuba ungadwelisa iseti yeegesi (kubandakanya iigesi ezintle) unyango lwazo lunokufana nolo lweegesi ezifanelekileyo, kuba iimpawu ziyafana, okoko nje imeko zoxinzelelo kunye nobushushu ziqhelekile.
- Initrogen
- Ioksijini
- IHydrogen
- Umoya omdaka
- Helium
- Neon
- Argon
- IKrypton
- Xenon
- URadon
Inkqubo ye- iigesi zokwenene kunjalo, ngokuchasene neenjongo, ezo zinokuziphatha kwe-thermodynamic kwaye ngenxa yeso sizathu azilandeli ukulingana okufanayo kukarhulumente ukuba ziigesi ezifanelekileyo. Kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nakubushushu obuphantsi, iigesi kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo zithathwe njengezinyani. Kwimeko apho igesi kuthiwa ikwisimo sokuxinana okuphezulu.
Inkqubo ye- Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwegesi efanelekileyo kunye negesi yokwenyani kukuba le yokugqibela ayinakucinezelwa ngokungenammiselo, kodwa amandla ayo okucinezeleka ahambelana noxinzelelo kunye namanqanaba obushushu.
Inkqubo ye- iigesi zokwenene Banokulingana ubume obuchaza indlela abaziphethe ngayo, ekubonelelwa ngayo UVan der waals Ngo-1873. Ubalo lunokwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwaye luguqula ukulingana kwegesi ngokufanelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kumlinganiselo othile: R rhoqo okubizwa ngokuba yi 'gesi rhoqo'.
Iigesi ezingaziphathi ngokufanayo kwiigesi ezifanelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba ziigesi eziyinyani. Olu luhlu lulandelayo lubonisa imizekelo yezi gesi, nangona ungongeza ezo sele zidwelisiwe njengeegesi ezifanelekileyo, kodwa ngeli xesha kwimeko yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye / okanye ubushushu obuphantsi.
- Amoniya
- Imethane
- UEthane
- Ethene
- Ipropane
- Butane
- IPentane
- Benzene
