Umxholo
Inkqubo ye-igcwala yinkqubo ethi a iathom, ion okanye iimolekyuli ziyonyusa Umbuso wokuxhuma. Kuqhelekile ukudibanisa olu tshintsho nento eyaziwayo njengenkqubo yokulahleka kwe-elektron.
Ngayiphi na imeko, umbutho awuchanekanga kwaphela ngokokuba, nangona nanini na xa kudluliswa ii-elektroni, a tshintsha e Umbuso wokuxhuma, umva awenzeki.
Inkqubo ye- igcwala Ngengqiqo yayo yoqobo ibhekisa kwindibaniselwano yeoksijini nenye into ukuvelisa ikhompawundi ebizwa ngokuba oxide. Nanini na xa oku kusenzeka, kukho ukukhutshwa kwamandla, okunokuthi kwenzeke kancinci (kubizwa i-oxidation encinci, njengakwi-oxidation yesinyithi, ebangela ilahleko yabo yokuqaqamba) okanye ngendlela ekhawulezayo kunye neqhushumbo (ebizwa igcwala ngokukhawuleza, njengokutsha, ukukhupha ubushushu obuninzi ngohlobo lomlilo).
Inkqubo ye- Inkqubo yokudlulisa i-electron kwaziwa njenge ukunciphisa igcwala, Ukusukela ngaxeshanye enye into izuza ii-elektroni (ezibizwa ngokuba yiarhente ye-oxidizing) kwaye enye ilahlekelwe yiyo (ebizwa ngokuba yiarhente yokunciphisa). Ukukhululeka kwento ukubonelela ngee-elektronon kuyenza ibe nenqanaba learhente yokunciphisa eyomeleleyo, ehlala inesincedisi (kwifom ye-oxidized form) kwiarhente ye-oxidizing ebuthathaka. Ngokufanayo, iarhente eyomeleleyo ye-oxidizing ihlala ikwayi-ejenti ebuthathaka.
Bayaziqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-oxidation, phakathi kwazo i-chemistry, i-electrochemistry, i-biological, i-thermal kunye ne-catalytic. Nangona kunjalo, igcwala yinkqubo enxibelelene ngokupheleleyo nobomi bemihla ngemihla babantu.
Imizekelo ye-oxidation yamachiza
Imizekelo engamashumi amabini yenkqubo yokunciphisa i-oxidation ibhalwe apha ngezantsi, ihamba kunye nezinye iifoto ezichaza inkqubo yazo:
1.Ukutshintsha kombala kwesiqhamo xa sivelisiwe ixesha elingaphandle.
2. Isikhonkwane esiqale ukutshintsha umbala kunye noburhabaxa.
3.Ukusetyenziswa kwesigarethi.
4. Umlilo wekampu.
5. Ukuguga komntu, ngokonakala kolusu.
6. Ukutsha okwenzeka xa kutshiswa iphepha.
7. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen peroxide, okuqhelekileyo kumbala weenwele zombala.
8. Ukutshiswa kweinjini yenqwelomoya.
9. Inkqubo yokuphefumla komntu.
10. Ukuphefumla kuka-Anaerobic, uphawu lweebacteria ezithile.
11. Ukuxutywa kwe iipilisi (amafutha kunye neeoyile) ezinciphisa ixabiso lesondlo lokutya kwaye zinike incasa engathandekiyo kunye nevumba.
12. Inkqubo ye- ukubila, ekuthi ngawo iswekile iguqulwe ibe yi-ethanol, efana nokutya nezinye iziselo.
13. Ukuphulukana nepropathi ethi ibhanana (okanye ibhanana) ihambe njengokuqina okanye ukungaguquguquki, ukuba ingaphandle ngaphandle kwexolo layo
14. Usihlalo wegadi, oye wadlula kwixesha elivezwe yimvula eninzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba umhlwa ekugqibeleni.
15. Utshintsho kumbala weqhekeza lenyama, ukusuka kumbala obomvu ukuya kumbala omdaka, xa unxibelelana nomoya kwaye ulahlekelwe yingqele ebandayo.
16. I-oxidation yonyango lwamanzi, esebenzayo ekupheliseni i-iron kunye ne-magnesium, ininzi kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwaye iyingozi emanzini.
17. Umhlwa oqokelelana ngokuhamba kwexesha kwiradiyetha yenjini yemoto, ichaphazela ukuphola kwayo.
18. Ukubola okukhawulezileyo okungena entlanzini xa unxibelelana nomoya.
19. Ukukhutshwa kwe amafutha kunye noshukela ngaphakathi kwiseli ukufumana amandla
20. I-oxidation yeswekile, eveliswa yi-glucosis ukuze ifumane amandla iiseli.
