Umxholo
Ibizwa njalo imihlaba yokufakelwa (okanye bume be-anthropised) Kula meko yokungenelela ngokuthe ngqo kwesandla somntu, ngokuchasene ne imihlaba yendalo, imveliso ethe ngqo yendalo kunye neenkqubo zayo.
Inkqubo ye- umbono ka ubuhle bendaloivela kwisiFrentshi imbonakalo-mhlaba, yesicelo esikhethekileyo semimandla yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni, oko kukuthi, ivela kumbono ozelwe esixekweni. Nangona kunjalo, iyasetyenziswa namhlanje kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemeko ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ngobuhle okanye ixabiso elimangalisayo.
Ngale ndlela, imihlaba engeyonyani inokuba loluhlobo inkolo, njengezakhiwo ezinkulu zokubhiyozela izithethe okanye ixabiso lemisitho; inkcubeko, njengezinto zokuthand 'izwe okanye zesizwe ezibaluleke kakhulu; edolophini, njengothungelwano lwesixeko oluntsonkothileyo; okanye nkqu zembali, njengamabhodlo nobungqina bamaxesha amandulo.
Amanye ala matyala ahambelana neminxeba Izimanga zehlabathi, kodwa ayifani ngokufanayo.
Imizekelo yeendawo zokwenziwa komhlaba
Iiphiramidi zase-Egypt. Iiphiramidi zeCheops, iGiza kunye neMenkaure zizikhumbuzo ezibalulekileyo zembali nezomngcwabo zamaxesha amandulo, Ixabiso lembonakalo yelizwe namhlanje lingenakuthintelwa kukhenketho lwabakhenkethi. Akukaziwa nokuba banokwakhiwa njani ngelo xesha.
Ulwandle lweglasieFort Bragg. Ifumaneka eKhalifoniya, e-USA, olu lwandle luyimveliso yamashumi eminyaka yokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma, inkunkuma yeglasi yayo yayiqokelelekayo kwaye ikhukuliseka ngenxa yesenzo solwandle de saba yindawo yentlabathi. Emva kwamashumi eminyaka okucoca ukuqala ngo-1967, Unxweme namhlanje lutyelelwe ngamakhulu abakhenkethi, emva kwezilwanyana nezityalo eziselunxwemeni ezilungelelaniswe nobomi phakathi kweglasi ejikeleziweyo kunye nemibala.
Izitiya zeBhotwe laseVersailles. Okuhamba nebhotwe elikhulu laseFrance ziihektare ezingama-800 zegadi ngesona sitayile sigqibeleleyo sendawo, esenziwe sagqitywa ngumyili wezakhiwo kunye no-André Le Nôtre ngexesha likaLouis XIV. Ukudibanisa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, imithombo kunye amakhulu amawaka emithi kunye neentyatyambo zezityalo, yabhengezwa njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli lehlabathi yi-UNESCO ngo-1979.
Amanxuwa iMachu Picchu. Ifumaneka kwi-2490 mnsm kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeAndes ePeru, le seti yamabhodlo eInca yakhiwa ngaphambi kwenkulungwane ye-15 ngukumkani wangaphambi kweColombia, owawubizwa ngokuba yiLlaqtapata kwaye umiselwe iPachacútec, i-regent yayo yesithoba. Bafunyanwa kwakhona ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwaye kamva baphinde bakhiwa kwaye bagcinwa njengobugcisa bobunjineli bobugcisa kunye nolwakhiwo..
UTaj Mahal waseIndiya. Eyakhelwe nguMlawuli wamaSilamsi u-Shah Jahan wobukhosi baseMongol phakathi kwe-1631 kunye ne-1648 ukuhlonipha umfazi wakhe u-Mumtaz Mahal, Iseti yezakhiwo ezidityaniswe kwindawo eyaziwayo emhlophe elawulwa ngamangcwaba abakhenkethi, kwaye ithathwa njengenye ye Iimpawu ezisixhenxe ezintsha zeHlabathi lale mihla.
IGöreme eKapadokiya, eTurkey. Lo mmandla, ophawuleka ngemveliso yawo engaqhelekanga yokhukuliseko komhlaba, igcina ubukho beendawo zokuhlala zabantu zamandulo ze-3 kunye ne-4 yenkulungwane, kunye neemonki zokuqala ezasekwa ngamaKristu exesha. Ayizizo izakhiwo zokwenyani, ubukhulu becala njengeendawo zokuhlala ezembiwa elityeni leentaba, ezijika loo ndawo ibe ngumyuziyam ovulekileyo.
Itempile yaseAngkor Wat. Yeyona tempile inkulu negcinwe kakuhle yamaHindu kuyo yonke iCambodia, kwaye obunye bobutyebi obukhulu bezinto zakudala emhlabeni njengoko kuyitempile enkulu yezenkolo eyakha yakhiwa. Olu luphawu lwasekhaya olubaluleke kangangokuba lubonakala kwiflegi yelizwe labo kwaye lakhiwa bubukhosi baseKhmer phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-9 neye-15, eyanikezela kuthixo Vishnu.
Times Square eNew York. Umzekelo ogqibeleleyo wokuma komhlaba wedolophu, yindawo enqamlezileyo yorhwebo eManhattan ngaphambili eyayibizwa ngokuba yiLongacre Square. Uphawu lwentengiso eqaqambileyo kunye nokuhamba okuphezulu kwabemi, le ndawo iye yaba ngumqondiso wesixeko kunye nenkcubeko yaseNew York yaseMelika.
I-Tiananmen Square e-China. Igama lalo lithetha isikwere seSango loXolo lwaseZulwini kwaye lakhiwa ngo-1949, xa iRiphabhlikhi yaBantu yase China yadalwa, yaba luphawu lwemodeli entsha yelizwe. Eyakhelwe kwesona sitayile sihle seSoviet, yindawo enkulu ebekwe kwindawo yezopolitiko nakwilizwe, indawo iyonke engama-440,000 m2 loo nto yenza ukuba ibe nkulu ehlabathini lonke.
IPikadilly Circus eLondon. Iziphambuka zaseLondon zezitalato kunye nendawo yoluntu, ebekwe eWest End, luphawu lobomi besiNgesi besi sixeko kunye nendawo eyaziwayo yabakhenkethi, apho kunqulwa khona imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo yenkcubeko yaseBritane, efana neBeatles. kwikomkhulu laseBritane.
Red Square eMoscow. Esona sikwere sidumileyo esixekweni, sinikwe ukubaluleka kwezopolitiko kunye nembali, sikwisithili sezorhwebo saseKitay-goród, sisohlula kwiKremlin (indlu yaseburhulumenteni yangoku) kwaye sinendawo engama-23,100 m2. Kuqwalaselwa njengeziko lesixeko kunye nomfuziselo weSoviet Russia yangaphambili.
Ingcwele yoMama wethu weRosari yeFatima. Ifumaneka ePortugal, kwiikhilomitha ezili-120 ukusuka eLisbon, Yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zeMarian emhlabeni. Ulwakhiwo lwaqala ngo-1928 kwaye lwenziwe ngee-basilicas ezimbini, izindlu ezibuyela umva, igumbi lokuthandazela, iziko lobufundisi, i-chapel kunye ne-Plaza Pio XII.
Isixeko esingavumelekanga eTshayina. Embindini weBeijing, ikomkhulu laseTshayina, yayilibhotwe lasebukhosini elalisebenza ukusuka eMing ukuya kubukhosi baseQing. Yakhiwe phakathi kwe-1406 kunye ne-1420, izindlu ezingama-980 zezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ihlala kwindawo eyi-720,000 m2, lo nto Iqwalaselwa njengelona qela likhulu lezakhiwo zomthi kwihlabathi kunye ne-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli leLifa leMveli.
Igadi yaseJapan yeBuenos Aires. Ibekwe kwindawo yase Palermo, emantla esixeko, le gadi yi Ukuzaliswa kwengcinga yaseJapan entliziyweni yekomkhulu laseArgentina. Eyakhelwe kwi-1967 ngaphakathi kweParque 3 de Febrero, kwisikhumbuzo sokundwendwela ilizwe labalawuli baseJapan. Uhlaza, izilwanyana kunye noyilo loyilo ngaphakathi ngaphakathi zixelisa inkcubeko yelo lizwe.
Ulwandle lwaseLas Teresitas eTenerife. Olona lwandle ludumileyo lweziqithi eziphambili zeCanary, lwalwakhiwe ngendlela engeyiyo kwintlabathi yomlilo omnyama (owawukho kwezo ndawo) ukusuka kugqithiso lwentlabathi entlango iSahara kunye nolwakhiwo lwamanzi aphuculweyo anokwenza amaza athambe ngakumbi. Imalunga ne-1300m ubude nama-80m ububanzi, kunye nonxweme olungamanzi angama-400m2 kukho indawo ebalulekileyo ye-paleontological ye-Quaternary.
Udonga Olukhulu lwase China. Enye yezinto ezisixhenxe ezimangalisayo zeLizwe langoku, le fortification yakhiwe phakathi kwe-5th century BC. kunye nenkulungwane ye-16, yayisebenza ngelo xesha ukukhusela uBukhosi baseTshayina kuhlaselo olulandelelanayo lwamaMongolia nolwamaManchurian. Imalunga ne-21,196 km ubude kwaye yindawo ye-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli ukusukela ngo-1987.
Indawo yelizwe yokuthengisa. Nangona babhukuqwa ngo-2001 ngohlaselo lwabanqolobi olwalusaziwa e-Al-Qaeda eNew York, ezi nqaba zimbini zinika umbono wobume besixeko bokwakha, enye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo nezikhulu emhlabeni. Basebenza njengombono kunye nenqaku lomdla wabakhenkethi, kwaye Zazisuka kwi-1971 ukuya kwi-1973 ezinde kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukuba babesele beluphawu olubalulekileyo lwaseMelika, emva kwentlekele yokuwa kwabo baba ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Isixeko saseVenice. Ifumaneka kumantla ntshona e-Itali, iVenice yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zabakhenkethi eYurophu, ezingcwaliselwe kwinkcubeko yokuba yindawo ye-atypical. Iziko layo eliyimbali, elibhengezwe njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO, ikumantla oLwandle iAdriatic, kwiVenetian Lagoon, ukusukela isixeko siphela sisiqithi seziqithi ezincinci ezili-118 ezidityaniswe ziibhulorho ezingama-455, ke akukho zithuthi zimbi ngaphandle kwetrafikhi yaselwandle phakathi kwezitrato zayo.
UKristu Corcovado. Eyaziwa nangokuthi nguKrestu uMhlawuleli, ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo ophakame kangangeemitha ezingama-30 kunye neenyawo ezisi-8, ezibekwe eRio de Janeiro, eBrazil. Ime kwiTijuca National Park, kwiimitha ezingama-710 ngaphezulu komgangatho wolwandle kwaye iluphawu lwesixeko esibaluleke kakhulu kubakhenkethi, ekubeni owona mfanekiso mkhulu we-Art Deco emhlabeni kunye nenye yeZimanga ezisixhenxe zeHlabathi.
IAlhambra eGranada. Esi sixeko saseAndalusi sineseti yamabhotwe, iigadi kunye nenqaba okanye inqaba, ngaphakathi apho kukho inqaba apho inkosi yaseNasrid Kingdom yaseGranada yayihlaliswe khona. Ukutshintshelwa kwindawo ejikelezileyo, iyongeza, njengeminye imisebenzi yoyilo lwamaMoor eSpain, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukhenketho lwedolophu eyaziwayo.
