Imizekelo engama-20 yamasiko nezithethe - I-Encyclopedia

Ividiyo: Amasiko nezithethe (Customs and traditions)

Umxholo

Imizekelo yezithethe namasiko

Abantu badibanisa kwaye banxibelelana inkcubeko: Inkqubo entsonkothileyo yeesimboli, iinkqubo kunye namasiko adluliselwa ukusuka kwisizukulwana kuye kwesinye, kwaye ubukhulu becala abumba indlela yethu yokuba sehlabathini. Iseti ye ulwazi kwaye nemibono esiyizuze njengelifa kwaye igcinwe ngexesha iyachazwa amasiko nezithethe, eziphindaphindwayo kwaye zibhiyozelwe ngomhla othile kwaye ngendlela ethile, ukugcina kuphila ukuziva kokhokho kwiqela.

Nangona engaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi amagama afanayo, singahlulahlula kuloo nto Amasiko agcina inqanaba elikhulu lokuziphatha kunye nokwandiswa kwesizwe, zihlala zenza uphawu lweempawu zesizwe okanye zengingqi zotshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko, ngelixa Amasiko ajolise ikakhulu kubuhlobo obusenyongweni, ngokungekho sikweni nangokungaxelwanga.

Zombini zihlala zibandakanya umdaniso, ukuzifihla, i-gastronomy okanye iindlela ezithile zentsomi okanye inkolo, nangona isithethe esinye sinokubonakaliswa ngamasiko ahlukeneyo okanye ukucaciswa okuthile.

Imizekelo yezithethe namasiko

Inkolo yabafileyo yaseMexico. Kwimvelaphi yezinyanya, eli siko libhiyozela kanye ngonyaka usuku lwabo bonke abafileyo, nge-1 no-2 kaNovemba. Iilekese ezimile okakhakhayi kunye nezonka ezimnandi ("Pan de muerto") zixhaphakile, njengoko kunjalo nezicengcelezo ("calaveras": ezihlekisayo nezihlekisayo), imifanekiso yoopopayi, kunye neminikelo kwimiphefumlo yabantu abaswelekileyo.
Usuku lweHalloween. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "Halloween" kwaye inxulunyaniswa nokutshiswa kwamaxesha amagqwirha kunye nobusuku beWalpurgis, sisivumelwano Yonke iHallows 'Eva: "ubusuku bangcwele bonke". Kubhiyozelwa ukuhombisa amakhaya ngeorenji namnyama, amakhandlela alayitiweyo, kunye namathanga aqingqiweyo (“Ujack o lantern”), Kunye neempahla zabantwana zokukhohlisa ubumelwane.
Imikhosi. Iminyhadala yeCarnival inemvelaphi yayo kubukhosi baseRoma, ifunyenwe njengelifa ukusuka kwimibhiyozo yamaGrike isiya kuthixo uBacchus okanye nakwiinkcubeko zangaphambili, kodwa zeza kuthi zinxibelelene nekhalenda yamaKrestu kunye nemihla yeLente. Kuqhelekile phantse kwihlabathi liphela lamaKristu kwaye kudibanisa isinxibo, imingcelele kunye namaqela ezitalato, neziqhulo, iziqhulo kunye nokubhiyozela umzimba.
Bhiyozela usuku lokuzalwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo isithethe somntu wonke, ukukhumbula umhla wokuza kwakhe emhlabeni, iqukethe amaqela osondeleyo kunye nezipho ezivela kubathandekayo bakhe, kunye namasiko ahlukeneyo anokuhluka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zengoma yokuzalwa, ukutya ikhekhe okanye iswiti ngamakhandlela, ezantsi kuhlobo lwesipho kunye noxanduva.
Ubunzima bangeCawa. Isiko lamaKristu ngokugqwesa, elibizela abathembekileyo ecaweni ukuba bafumane intshumayelo yemfundiso yenkolo kunye nokuziphatha kumfundisi wasekuhlaleni, njengendlela yokuhlaziya rhoqo amakhonkco okholo. Ihlala ibhiyozelwa ngeCawe, usuku lokuphumla ngokwebhayibhile, nangona iqela ngalinye lamaKrestu liwubhiyozela ngokwendlela yabo kunye nemibono yenkolo.
Ukubhiyozela unyaka omtsha. Esinye isithethe esamkelweyo kwindalo iphela kodwa sichazwa ngamasiko ahlukeneyo, sihlala sibandakanya umngcelele, iziqhushumbisi, iintlanganiso zosapho kunye neminyhadala yoluntu, ephawula ukuphela komjikelo wonyaka kunye nokuqala komnye. Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kuyatyiwa (iklasikhi yaseSpain ziidiliya ezilishumi elinambini okanye iichickpeas ngaphambi nje konyaka omtsha), amasiko (enxibe iimpahla ezityheli, ukuzisa ukutya kubamelwane, ukuphosa okudala ngefestile) okanye iisimboli (inamba, umzekelo, Ngexesha loNyaka oMtsha waseTshayina).
Yom Kippur. Isiko lamaJuda lokuzohlwaya kunye nemithandazo, ebizwa ngokuba "kukuXolelwa Okukhulu," ibhiyozela iintsuku ezilishumi emva koNyaka oMtsha wamaHebhere. Kuqhelekile ukwenza inzilo ukususela ngorhatya kude kube ngorhatya ngosuku olulandelayo kwaye naluphi na uhlobo lobudlelwane bendoda, ucoceko lomntu okanye ukusela akuvumelekanga. Abantu beSephardic bahlala benxiba ezimhlophe ngale mihla.
Oktoberfest. Ngokwenene: "Ipati ka-Okthobha", yenzeka kwingingqi yaseBavaria eJamani, ngakumbi kwisixeko saseMunich, kanye ngonyaka phakathi kukaSeptemba no-Okthobha. Ngumbhiyozo webhiya, imveliso eqhelekileyo yommandla, imvelaphi yawo imele ukuba yenziwe ngo-1810 kwaye ihlala ihlala iintsuku ezili-16 ukuya kwezili-18 zokubhiyozela.
Iminyhadala yeViking. Isiko lamazwe aseYurophu aseNordic apho bekhumbula khona iingcambu zabo zaseScandinavia ngokunxiba, izidlo ezithile kunye neemarike ze-antique, konke oku kwenzelwa ukuhlawula isiko kumasiko ezizwe zokuqala zommandla.
inkolo yamaNdiya. Yinyanga yokuzila ukutya nokucocwa kwamaSilamsi, ukuqala kwayo kuphawula ukuphela kwenyanga yokugqibela yekhalenda yenyanga yamaSilamsi, apho ubudlelwane bezesondo, imo etshintshileyo kunye nokutya okanye ukusela kungavumelekanga ukusuka ekuseni kuze kube sekuseni. yiba sebusuku.
Iqela lomtshato. Esinye isithethe esiphantse senziwe ngumntu wonke, esivula ngokusesikweni nangokwasekuhlaleni ixesha lokuhlala kwesibini, ngeminyhadala ethile kunye namasiko, enxulunyaniswa okanye hayi nenkolo kunye necawa. Ziyahluka kakhulu ngokwenkcubeko kunye nenkolo, kodwa zihlala zibandakanya amaqela, imidaniso, iilokhwe zomtshato zabatshati kunye nolunye uphawu lokuzibophelela (njengeeringi).
Umthendeleko we-Saint John. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu bamaKatolika kodwa ngokugxininisa ngokukodwa kubantu base-Afro-inzala yabantu baseCaribbean (eColombia, eCuba, eVenezuela), kwimbali yakhe ingcwele yamaKristu yafanisa izithixo zaseAfrika kwaye yavumela ukuhlala ndawonye kwamahlelo. Ihlala ikhatshwa yimigqomo, iziselo ezinxilisayo kunye nomdaniso omninzi ngeenxa zonke kwiilali.
I-Gnocchi ngomhla wama-29. Rhoqo ngomhla wama-29 enyangeni, eArgentina, eParaguay naseUruguay kulisiko ukuba kutyiwe ngokulungiselela i-gnocchi (evela e-Italiyane. I-Gnocchi: uhlobo lwepasta eyenziwe ngeetapile), ngokungathandabuzekiyo isiko lafunyanwa ngokufuduka okukhulu kwase-Italiya kwenkulungwane ye-19 neye-20.
Ukupheliswa kwethambeka. Isiko eliqhelekileyo kumazantsi e-Sahara e-Afrika nakubantu abathile base Mzantsi Melika, elibandakanya icandelo okanye ukusikwa kwesikili kumantombazana amatsha; uhlobo lwezinyanya olusempilweni olulwa ngokubanzi yimibutho yamazwe aphesheya ukukhusela abasetyhini, kuba ayibonisi sibonelelo kwaye iyayicaphukisa impilo yabo yezesondo.
Unikezelo. Isiko elitshitshisiweyo kuninzi lwamazwe asentshona kodwa lisaxhathisa kwezinye izizwe zaseAfrika, liphakamisa uxanduva lomntakwabo wendoda eswelekileyo ukuba atshate umhlolokazi kwaye aqhubeke nekhaya losapho. Qaphela ukuba uninzi lwezi dolophu i-bigamy kunye nesithembu ziqhelekile.
Imvelaphi yengcwele. Kwinkolo yaseYoruba, esasazwa ngokubanzi kwiHispanic Caribbean, kukho inkqubo yokwaluka apho uthixo othile unxulunyaniswa nomnye wabathembekileyo bakhe, kwaye oku kufuna ukuba anxibe iimpahla ezimhlophe ngokupheleleyo kumaxesha athile ahluka ukusuka kunyaka omnye ukuya kwisithathu iinyanga.
Sanfermines. Isithethe saseSpain ePamplona, Navarra, esinqula iSan Fermín ngeminyhadala yoluntu kwaye ukuvalelwa, Uhambo olwenziwa ngabantu abanesibindi ukusuka edolophini ukuya kwisikwere sendawo yeso sixeko, beleqwa ziinkunzi ezininzi ezigigumbayo.
Umsitho weti yaseJapan. Ukunxulunyaniswa nesenzo esithile seZen Buddhism, kulisiko ukunyanga iindwendwe ngeti eluhlaza eyenziwe ngamagqabi acoliweyo. Oku kwenziwa ngesiko lokushukuma komzimba kunye neenkqubo ezichazwe ngokwesiko kwaye zenza indlela yokunxibelelana neyakho.
Usuku lweeKumkani. Isiko lamaKatolika elihlala eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseLatin America, ngokuchasene nombono weKrisimesi yorhwebo kunye neyomhlaba wonke (kunye noSanta Claus kunye nemithi yeKrisimesi, njl.). Bhiyozela ukufika kweMagi (Izazi ezivela eMpuma) kwindawo yokuzalwa kukaKristu, ngokutshintshana ngezipho.
Usuku lokubulela. Ngokubodwa umbhiyozo waseNyakatho Melika naseCanada, ilifa lezithethe ezithwalwa ngabakholoniyali kunye nokuhambelana neminyhadala yokuvuna yamaMelika aseMelika, ngesiqhelo ngokulungiselela iikeyiki zaseTurkey kunye neziqhamo. Kweminye imimandla imisitho yesikhumbuzo kunye nemikhosi ibanjwa.