Umxholo
- Umsebenzi wamafutha
- Zithini ii-acid ezibalulekileyo?
- Yintoni ukugcwalisa?
- Yintoni amanqatha?
- Iingozi zamafutha apheleleyo
- Imizekelo yamafutha angaqinisekiswanga
- Imizekelo yamafutha agcweleyo
- Imizekelo yamafutha otshintsho
- Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe?
Inkqubo ye- amafutha Zizinto eziphilayo, oko kukuthi iimolekyuli zazo zibunjwe ikakhulu yicarbon, oksijini kunye neeathom zehydrogen. Ziziiklasi zeepidids ezinamafutha acid.
Apha sibhekisa kubo bonke iipilisi ziqulathe okunamafutha acid. Nangona kunjalo, ii-lipids ezifumaneka kwi imeko eqinileyo kwaye zinemvelaphi yezilwanyana, ngelixa ii-lipids zifumaneka imeko engamanzi kubushushu begumbi, kwaye ubukhulu becala yimvelaphi yezityalo.
Liqela elahluke kakhulu, kodwa onke amanqatha aneempawu ezifanayo:
- Awunyibiliki emanzini: Kungenxa yoko le nto amanzi kunye nezinto ezinjengeoyile zingadibani.
- Isinyibilikisi kwizinyibilikisi eziphilayo: Amafutha anokunyibilika kwi-benzene, ether, chloroform, etywaleni nakwezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ngesi sizathu, xa kucocwa amakhitshi, kusetyenziswa utywala ukususa igrisi kumphezulu.
- Zisezantsi ngokuxinana kunamanzi: Iibhola ezincinci zeoyile zidada kulwelo olufana nesuphu kunye nemhluzi.
- Iyatyibilika kwaye iyakhazimla: Uninzi lweepids luyatyibilika ekuchukumiseni kwaye luyakhazimla kumphezulu wazo.
Umsebenzi wamafutha
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yamafutha kukugcina amandla. Ngelixa igram ye iikhabhohayidrethi okanye ukusuka protein ineekhalori ezi-4, iigrama ezinamanqatha zinazo Iikhilogrem ezili-9. Ke ngoko, amafutha yinto efanelekileyo yokugcina amandla.
Nangona kunjalo, amafutha azalisekisa eminye imisebenzi, njengokudala izicwili ezigcina ingqele, zikhusela amalungu, zithatha inxaxheba ekufunxeni iivithamini kunye nokuhlanganiswa iihomoni, yenze inwebu yeseli kwaye igubungele izicwili zemithambo-luvo.
Zithini ii-acid ezibalulekileyo?
Ibizwa ngokuba "kubalulekile”Kwizinto ezifunwa ngumzimba womntu ukuze usebenze kakuhle kwaye awunako ukuzivelisa. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka uwafumane ekutyeni.
Kwimeko yamafutha, kukho ii-acid ezifanelekileyo ezibalulekile emzimbeni womntu, njenge-linoleic, arachidonic kunye ne-lonoleic. Ezi asidi zinamafutha zifumaneka kwioyile yemifuno.
Yintoni ukugcwalisa?
Inkqubo ye- amafutha Zihlala zenziwe ngemolekyuli ye-glycerin kunye kunye, ezimbini okanye ezintathu zamafutha acid. Xa ikhompawundi igcwele, yonke iiathom badityaniswe yibhondi enye kwaye akunakubakho ukujoyina enye i-athomu. Yiyo le nto ukugcwala kubhekisa kuko: elona nani liphezulu leeathom eziqhotyoshelwe kwimolekyuli sele zifikelelwe. Ngenxa yolwakhiwo lweemolekyuli, Amafutha agcwalisiweyo zomelele kubushushu begumbi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba ikhompawundi ayifakwanga, ii-atom zidityaniswe ngaphezulu kwesibophelelo esinye. Kule meko, iibhondi eziphindwe kabini okanye ezintathu ziyajongwa. Ngenxa yolwakhiwo lweemolekyuli, Amafutha angaqinisekiswanga zingamanzi kubushushu begumbi.
Yintoni amanqatha?
Xa i-asidi enamanqatha ingafakwanga, iibhondi zayo eziphindwe kabini okanye kathathu zinokwaphulwa ngeeathom ze-hydrogen. Masicinge amakhonkco njengezandla ezidibeneyo. Ukuba iiathom ezimbini zekhabhoni zinxulunyaniswe ngokudityaniswa kabini (izandla zozibini zidityanisiwe kunye) i-athomu ye-hydrogen inokongezwa kuyo nganye: nganye inako "ukuxhawula izandla" nge-athomu entsha ye-hydrogen, emva koko ihlale incamathele kwenye i-athomu yekhabhoni yibhondi eseleyo.
Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba hydrogenation kwaye yinkqubo apho amafutha angasetyenziswanga azaliswa khona. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngokwendalo kuphela kubisi nakumanqatha omzimba eenkomo kunye nezinye izinto ezirholayo.
Nangona kunjalo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi ishishini, kuba ivumela iioyile ukuba ziqine, zinike ubume obukhethekileyo ekutyeni, ukongeza ekubeni sesichengeni sokuthamba.
Iingozi zamafutha apheleleyo
Nangona amafutha kubalulekile ekusebenzeni komzimba, ayizizo zonke eziluncedo.
Inkqubo ye- Amafutha agcwalisiweyo Bathanda ukuqokelelana kwecholesterol (i-cholesterol exineneyo okanye i-LDL) kwiindonga zemithambo. Olu qokelelo luthintela ukujikeleza kwegazi, kuchaphazela onke amalungu kunye nezicubu, kubandakanya nengqondo.
Inkqubo ye- Amafutha adlulayo babonisa yonke imingcipheko yamafutha apheleleyo, kodwa banciphisa nokubizwa ngokuba yi "cholesterol elungileyo": i-cholesterol ephezulu. mninzi (HDL). I-cholesterol ye-HDL inceda ukugcina iindonga zangaphakathi zemithambo, ukuthintela i-arteriosclerosis, isifo sentliziyo kunye nemivumbo. Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha athambisayo kunciphisa olu khuselo.
Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwamafutha kuthanda ukuqokelelwa kakhulu kwezicubu zeadipose (amafutha) emzimbeni. Nangona sonke sidinga ugcino lwamandla amele izicubu ze-adipose, ukugqitha kwayo kubangela izifo ezinjengokutyeba kakhulu. Ukutyeba ayisiyiyo kuphela ingxaki yobuhle, kodwa inxulunyaniswa nokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni, imetabolism, ukudibana, ukuphefumla, izifo zokwetyisa kwaye kunokubangela nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwamafutha agcweleyo akubangeli iingxaki, ngaphandle kokuba kukho imeko yendalo yomzimba kwiingxaki zentliziyo. Ukongeza, ezinye zeempembelelo eziyingozi zokulinganiswa kokutya okunamafutha kunokuchasaniswa nendlela yokuphila, umzekelo ngokutya. umthambo.
Imizekelo yamafutha angaqinisekiswanga
| I-oyile ye-olivu | Amandongomane |
| Ityhuna | Yeminquma |
| Islamoni | Isardadi |
| Iavokhado (iavokhado) | Ioli yombona |
| IiWalnuts | Oyile kajongilanga |
| Iiamangile | Ioyile yesoy |
Bona kwakho: Yintoni iMacro neMicro Nutrients?
Imizekelo yamafutha agcweleyo
| Inyama yenkomo | Iitshizi |
| Bacon (Bacon) | Isikhumba senkukhu |
| Iiachuras (viscera) | Cream ice cream |
| Ibhotolo | Inyama yehagu |
| Ubisi | Inyama yegusha |
Imizekelo yamafutha otshintsho
- Imajarini
- Ezinye iicookies
- Ithosiwe kwioyile esetyenzisiweyo okanye engaphezulu kweedigri ezili-180
- Ukutya okuninzi okukhawulezayo
- Amatyala
- Izimuncumuncu
- Ezinye izitya esele ziphekiwe
- Izitena zokutya
- Iimveliso zepastry zorhwebo (iimuffin, iikeyiki, njl.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe?
- Imizekelo yeLipids
- Imizekelo yeeCarbohydrate
- Iiproteni Imizekelo
- Imizekelo yeeTrace Elements
