IiSayensi eziNcedisayo zeSayensi yezeNtlalo

Umxholo

Yintoni iinzululwazi ezincedisayo?
IiSayensi eziNcedisayo zeSayensi yezeNtlalo
Uluhlu lweeSayensi eziNcedisayo zee-Cs. Ezentlalo

Yintoni iinzululwazi ezincedisayo?

Iyaqondwa njenge iinzululwazi ezincedisayo okanye uqeqesho oluncedisayo kwabo ngaphandle kokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo kwindawo ethile yokufunda, banxibelelana nayo kwaye bayinike uncedoKuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunokuba negalelo kuphuhliso lwendawo yokufunda.

Olu qeqesho luncedayo lunokuvela kumacandelo ahluke ngokupheleleyo, njengakwimeko yezinye iisayensi, okanye banokuba ngamacandelo ojolise ngqo kwinxalenye yoluhlu lwemidla ejongiwe yinzululwazi esebenza njengoncedisayo.

Umahluko kukuba kwimeko yokuqala kukho intsebenziswano phakathi kwesayensi, ngelixa kweyesibini imalunga noluleko olwenziweyo ukuphonononga amacandelo athile endawo yezifundo zesayensi enikiweyo, esebenza njengezifundo ezingaphantsi.

Kuba inzululwazi zentlalo azikho ngqo Sciences, kodwa beze kufundo lwezinto zabo ngokokutolika, bahlala bezobe kuqeqesho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iinkalo zezifundo ebavumela ukuba basondele ngokwabo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye ngokuchaneka ngakumbi nangqongqo. I-Transdisciplinarity ayiqhelekanga kolu hlobo lwe IiSayensi.

Ngale ndlela, uninzi lwabo luboleka izixhobo ezinengqiqo ngaphandle kwentsingiselo yokuqalisa uqeqesho oluxubeneyo, nangona kunjalo Kwaye kunqabile ukuba oku kuvumele ukuba benze inani elikhulu lamasebe okanye uqeqesho, Njengakwimeko yeMbali, egxile kuqeqesho lwenye indalo enjengobuntu, okanye nabanye oososayensi bezentlalo, ivelisa iiMbali ezahlukeneyo zoBugcisa, uMthetho, njl.

Oku kulandelayo ngokwesiko kuthathelwa ingqalelo isayensi yezentlalo: Inzululwazi yezoPolitiko, iAnthropology, iNzululwazi yeThala leencwadi, uMthetho, uQoqosho, ubudlelwane bamanye amazwe, i-Ethnografi, i-Ethnology, i-Sociology, iCriminology, iNzululwazi yezoPolitiko, uLwimi, uLwazi, i-Psychology, iMfundo, i-Archaeology, iDemografi, iMbali, iMbali, i-Human Ecology kunye IJografi.

Bona kwakho: Zithini iiSayensi zeNtlalo?

Uluhlu lweeSayensi eziNcedisayo zee-Cs. Ezentlalo

Iinkcukacha-manani. Uninzi lweeNzululwazi ngezeNtlalo zisekwe kwizixhobo zeenkcukacha-manani zokumisela indlela yabo kuluntu, typologies yentlalo okanye iimeko zeklinikhi (psychology). Izinto ekuthiwa zii-actuarial science zibabonelela ngezixhobo zokulinganisa ezibalulekileyo ekuxhaseni ii-hypotheses kunye nethiyori malunga nomntu.
Uncwadi. Ngaphandle komzekelo ocacileyo weMbali yoNcwadi okanye iMbali yoBugcisa, uncwadi luhlala lusebenza njengomthombo wamabali kunye neesimboli zoqeqesho ezinje ngengqondo ye-psychoanalysis (umz , ubugcisa bokubhala yintsimi eluncedo yokuqiqa kunye nokuyila, amaxabiso angaqhelekanga kwiNzululwazi yezeNtlalo.
IMathematika. Kwanele ukucinga ngomzekelo weegrafu ezimele iintsingiselo okanye ulwazi olulinganayo okanye lweenkcukacha-manani ukungqina ukuba iluncedo kangakanani na imathematika kwiiSayensi zeNtlalo. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kuqoqosho, apho iifomula kunye nezibalo zihlala zifuneka ukubonisa ubudlelwane bemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwempahla.
ikhompyutha. Zimbalwa iinzululwazi ezisinda namhlanje ekuphuculeni ubuchwephesha bohlaziyo lobuchwephesha, kwaye ke bambalwa abangenawo amaqhina asondeleyo nangaphantsi kunye nekhompyuter, njengomququzeleli wezixhobo zokulungisa amagama, ulawulo lwedatha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesoftware ekhethekileyo, njengakwi Ityala leJografi okanye iLayibrari.
Ukunyangwa kwengqondo. Iindlela ezininzi zentlalo yoluntu (ezentlalontle) okanye zengqondo yabantu (ezengqondo) zisebenzisa ukuxilonga kunye nezixhobo zonyango zonyango, kunye nomthombo wesakhelo sethiyori esingabeka kuso iingcinga zabo.
Semiology. Inzululwazi yeentsingiselo sisixhobo esiluncedo kwiiNzululwazi ezininzi zezeNtlalo, ezinje ngeJografi, umzekelo, ezibonelela ngethuba lokucinga ngendlela yokufumana ilizwe kunye neentsingiselo ezinxulumene nalo. Uninzi lwezi sayensi lufuna uhlalutyo lolu hlobo kwiindlela ezithile zokufunda.
Unxibelelwano ekuhlaleni. Incoko yemithombo yeendaba yinto efundwa rhoqo kwizifundo ezininzi zesayensi, kwiPsychology, Sociology, International Relations nakwiLwimi. Ngale ndlela, uninzi lwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zoNxibelelwano lweNtlalo ziluncedo kubo.
Ifilosofi. Kuba kukho isebe lefilosofi ekuthiwa: yiFilosofi yesayensi yezentlalo, akukho nzima ukubonisa intsebenziswano phakathi kwesayensi yokucinga kunye nezinto ekuthiwa ziinzululwazi "ezithambileyo". Eli sebe lifunda ngeendlela kunye nengqiqo emva kweseti yezi nzululwazi ezinjongo yazo kukudibana phakathi koluntu noluntu.
Umculo wezomculo. Ukufundwa ngokusesikweni komculo kungokwasentsimini yoluntu, kodwa ubudlelwane bayo nembali ayisiyonto iqhelekileyo, kodwa inemveliso: imbali yomculo isetyenziswa njengerekhodi yeendlela ezithile zobugcisa kunye nolwalamano lomntu nezinto. , ezibonisa imeko yengqondo yexesha elidlulileyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukho iindlela ezixubeneyo ezinje nge-ethnomusicology.
Imyuziyam. Inzululwazi yolawulo lwemyuziyam kunye nengqiqo yayo yangaphakathi ayiqhelekanga kwiNzululwazi yezeNtlalo, apho ithatha khona izinto zokubonisa kunye nezembali, ezentlalo kunye neziseko ezibalulekileyo zokugcina ukongiwa kwemisebenzi yobugcisa. Kwangelo xesha, imyuziyam ibonelela ngezeNzululwazi ngezeNtlalo ezinje ngeAnthropology yezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nendawo ephikisayo apho banokuzibonakalisa khona kuluntu.
Iyeza. Ulwazi lwe-anatomiki olunikezelwa ngamayeza luluncedo kumacandelo oLwimi kunye nePsychology, kwaye ayiqhelekanga kwezinye iisayensi zentlalo ukukhangela izinto ezinokusebenza ngazo kwiinkqubo zabantu ezahlukeneyo.
Ulawulo. Kuba olu qeqesho lufunda ngeendlela zombutho woluntu, kuyaqondakala ukuba lusondele kakhulu kwiiNzululwazi zezeNtlalo, apho ihlala inegalelo kwimibono yokuqhutywa kwamaqela, imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yokusebenza kunye nendlela yenkqubo ebaluleke ngayo kwiNzululwazi yezoPolitiko, ukukhankanya umzekelo omnye.
ijiology. Uphononongo lomhlaba lunokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kubembi bezinto zakudala, into yabo ephambili yokufunda ihlala ingcwatywa lixesha kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kwaye ke ngoko ifuna uhlobo oluthile lokumba.
Ukuthengisa. Olu qeqesho lufunda amandla eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentengiso ezikhoyo, intengiso, ingcinga esemva kwenkqubo yabathengi; Konke oku kuluncedo olukhulu ekuhlaleni, kwezengqondo nangokweendlela zoqoqosho kwiindawo zethu, kuba ukusela ikwayindlela yokunxibelelana nazo.
Umsebenzi wentlalontle. Ngeendlela ezininzi olu qeqesho kukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo yesayensi yezentlalo enjenge-anthropology, isociology kunye neengqondo, ukuba ayisiyo inzululwazi yezopolitiko kunye nomthetho. Ijongene nokukhuthaza utshintsho kwezentlalo kunye nokungenelela kwizifundo zokuphucula uluntu ngokubanzi.
Ukucwangciswa kwedolophu. Olu qeqesho luthatha isifundo sokucwangciswa kwezixeko kunye neemeko zasedolophini, kwaye ngaloo ndlela inikezela ngezitshixo ezibalulekileyo kwiindlela ezininzi zembali, ezentlalo, ezengqondo nezengqondo. Kwiindawo ezininzi, enyanisweni, kuvotelwe ukuyithathela ingqalelo njengenye nje inzululwazi yezentlalo.
Inkolo. Ukufundwa kweendlela ezikhoyo zonqulo okanye kungabonakali kunqabile kwicandelo lezenzululwazi zentlalo, kodwa akunjalo. I-Anthropology, imbali kunye namanye amaqela abona kolu qeqesho ngumthombo obalulekileyo wokungeniswa kwethiyori kunye neetekisi ezisebenzayo, zona, njengezinto zokufunda.
Uyilo loyilo. Njengokucwangciswa kwedolophu, olu qeqesho lunikezelwe kubugcisa bokwakha indawo yokuhlala lubonelela ngezixhobo ezininzi zomqondo kunye nemibono yenoveli kwizenzululwazi zentlalo ezinomdla kwindlela yobomi bendoda yesixeko, nakubembi bezinto zakudala abanomdla kumabhodlo ezixeko zamandulo .
Iilwimi zale mihla. Kuba olu qeqesho luzama ukumisela inkqubo yokufunda kuguqulelo kolunye ulwimi luye kolunye, kunye namandla alo okufunda, kuluncedo ukwandisa icandelo lokufundwa kwamacandelo anje ngeMfundo okanye uLwimi, enza ukufunda nokufunda ulwimi lube zizinto zabo zokufunda, ngokulandelelana.
ugqirha wezilwanyana. Ngendlela efanayo kwimeko yeyeza, le sayensi ibonelela ngezixhobo zokulinga izilwanyana eziluncedo ngokukodwa kwizengqondo, kuba uninzi lweemfundiso zalo zinomdla wokulinga ngokuziphatha kwezilwanyana ukuseka iingcinga zazo malunga nobukrelekrele okanye ukufunda.