Imizekelo yeVektha - I-Encyclopedia

Ividiyo: Финал. Часть 1 ►3 Прохождение Devil May Cry 5

Umxholo

Izinto zevektha
Iindidi zeevektha
Iimvumi kumacala amabini kunye amathathu
Ukubonakaliswa kwemizobo yeevektri
Imizekelo yobungakanani bevektha kwi-physics
Imizekelo yeevektri kwimathematics

A vector sisixhobo semathematika, esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwijiyometri nakwifiziksi, evumela ukwenza ubalo kunye nokusebenza.

Kwi-physics, i-vector licandelo lomgca kwisithuba esinemodyuli (ekwabizwa ngokuba bubude) kunye nolwalathiso (okanye ulwazelelo). Iimvumba zibotshwe ngotolo kwaye zinceda ekuchazeni ubungakanani be vector.

Ubukhulu beVector bumelwe ngevektha kuba azinakubekwa linani elinye lokwenyani kodwa kuyafuneka ukuba wazi isikhokelo kunye nengqondo. Njengokuba: isantya, ukufuduka. Oku kwahlula kubungakanani be-scalar, ezifuna kuphela inani kunye neyunithi ethile yomlinganiso ukuba ichazwe, umzekelo: luxinzelelo, umthamo, ubushushu.

Qhubeka kwi: Vector kunye nobungakanani be-scalar

Kwimathematics, iivector zizinto zesithuba sevektha. Olu luvo alunakubonwa, kuba kwiindawo ezininzi ze vector i vector ayinakuchazwa kwimodyuli nakwindlela, umzekelo: iivenkile kwizithuba ezingapheliyo. Umelo olusetyenzisiweyo ukumela i vector kwisithuba se "n" semilinganiselo ngu:v= (a₁, ukuya₂, ukuya₃,… Ukuya_n)

Iimvumi zinokongezwa okanye zikhutshwe zivela kwenye, zinike isiphumo esitsha, okanye siphindaphindwe ngesikali, vector okanye ngexabiso elixubeneyo.

Izinto zevektha

Ukuchaza i vector ngokupheleleyo, kuya kufuneka uchaze izinto ezintathu ezahlulahlula enye vetri kwenye:

Imodyuli. Igqitywe bubude okanye ubude becandelo lomgca.
Idilesi. Igqitywe kukuqhelaniswa komgca kwinqwelomoya.
Ingqondo. Igqitywe yimvelaphi kunye nendawo yokuphela yecandelo lomgca.

Iindidi zeevektha

Iindidi ezahlukileyo zeevectors zinokwahlulwa ngokweempawu abazibonisayo kunye nolwalamano abanalo nezinye iivenkile:

Iivenkile zecandelo. Iimvumi ezinemodyuli elingana no-1.
Iivenkile zasimahla. Iimvumba ezingasetyenziswanga nakweyiphi na indawo.
Izilayidi zokuhambisa. Iimvumba ezinombono wesicelo ezityibilikayo kumgca wentshukumo.
IiVekethi eziLungisiweyo (okanye iiVectors eziDibeneyo). Iimvumi ezisetyenziselwa indawo ethile.
IiVector Collinear. Iivenkile ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu ezisebenza kumgca wesenzo esinye.
Iivenkile ezihambelanayo (okanye iivenkile zeeangular). Iivenkile ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu ezalathiso zidlula kwindawo enye, zenza i-engile xa imitha ihlangana.
Iivenkile ezifanayo. Amacandelo amabini okanye nangaphezulu asebenza kumzimba ongqongqo kunye nemigca yokusebenza efanayo.
Izithwali ezichaseneyo. Iimvumi ezinolwalathiso olufanayo kunye nemodyuli efanayo, kodwa ezinendlela eyahlukileyo.
Izithwali zeCoplanar. Iimvumi ezinemigca yesenzo zilele kwindiza enye.
Iziphumo zokuthwala.Ukunikezelwa kwenkqubo yeevektha, yile vector evelisa umphumo ofanayo nawo onke amacandelo enkqubo.
Ukulinganisa iivenkile.Vector enobukhulu obufanayo kunye nolwalathiso njengale vector, kodwa inengqondo eyahlukileyo.

Iimvumi kumacala amabini kunye amathathu

Iimvumi zinokumelwa kumacala-mabini ("x", "y") okanye kumacala amathathu ("x", "y", "z"). Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, iivenkile zinokuchazwa ngokudityaniswa kwazo kwi-axes nganye.

Kwimeko yendawo enamacala amabini, nayiphi na ivektha inokuchazwa njenge: v = (v_x, v_kwaye). Amagama akwi-parentheses alungelelanisa ii-axes "x" kunye "y".

Kwelinye icala, kwisithuba esime-ntathu, ivektha ichazwa njenge: v = (v_x, v_kwaye, v_z). Olunye uququzelelo longezwa ukubonisa ulungelelwaniso kwi "z" axis.

Ukubonakaliswa kwemizobo yeevektri

Iimvaba zimelwe ngokusetyenziswa kweenqwelomoya ezimbini okanye ezintathu.

Kwindawo yokuqala, inkxaso okanye ulwalathiso lubambekile, ekunokubakho kulo iivenkile ezininzi, zizoba icandelo lomgca elivela kwimvelaphi.
Okwesibini, ubude bevektha buphawuliwe, obumiselwe yimodyuli (imodyuli enkulu, ubude be-ray), kwaye ejolise kwicala okanye kwindawo yesicelo (yiyo loo nto iivektri zitsaliwe Njengeentolo ezibhekisa kwicala elibhekiswa kulo).
Okokugqibela, igama le vector libhaliwe kwindawo yesicelo.