Mna, It kunye noSuperego

Umxholo

• Umzekelo wesiqu sakho, yona kunye ne-superego

Ithiyori yengqondo, izinto zokuqala ezazilandelwa kakhulu zizifundo ze USigmund Freud (I-1856-1939), yindlela yokunyanga kunye nophando kwingqondo yomntu, ukusuka kwimbono ye-immanent kwaye kude nembono yonyango lomzimba, elandela iindlela kunye nemvakalelo ngokusebenza kwengqondo.

Inkqubo ye- mna, i yiyo kwaye i superego are Iikhonsepthi ezintathu ezisisiseko, waphakanyiswa nguFreud ngokwakhe ukuba achaze Umgaqo-siseko wezixhobo zengqondo kunye nolwakhiwo oluthile. Ngokwezi zifundo, ezi meko zintathu ezahlukeneyo zengqondo zibelana ngemisebenzi yazo kwaye zinxulumene ngokunzulu kwinqanaba elingaphaya kwengqiqo, oko kukuthi, kwinqanaba lokungazi.

• I-id. Umxholo wokungazi nto kwaphela, kukubonakaliswa kwengqondo kweseti yeminqweno, iimpembelelo kunye nomoya, ovela kwezinye iimeko ukusuka kumanqanaba okuqala okuzivelela komntu. Ikhokelwa ngumgaqo wokuzonwabisa: ukoneliseka kuzo zonke iindleko zeziqulatho zayo. Ngesi sizathu ihlala iphikisana namanye amatyala amabini, athi ngokwe-psychoanalysis ahlukane nawo kuphuhliso lwengqondo lomntu.
• Isuperego. Yimeko yokuziphatha neyokugweba yemisebenzi yesiqu sakho, eyakhelwe ngexesha lobuntwana ngokusonjululwa kwesakhiwo se-Oedipus, isiphumo soko kukudityaniswa kwemigaqo ethile, ukuthintelwa kunye novakalelo oluthile lomsebenzi-wokuba . Uninzi lomxholo we-superego, nangona kunjalo, ulawulwa ngokungazi, ukuze singazi kakuhle ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ye-ego.
• I. Yinxalenye yokulamla phakathi kwee-id zokuqhuba kunye neemfuno eziqhelekileyo ze-superego, ngokunxibelelana neemeko zenyani ejikelezileyo. Luxanduva lwayo ukukhusela le nkqubo iphela, nangona uninzi lweziqulatho zayo lusebenza ebumnyameni bokungazi nto. Okwangoku, yinxalenye yengqondo ejongene nenyani ngokuthe ngqo.

Nangona kunjalo, uFreud ulumkisa ukuba ezi meko azisebenzi ngendlela ehleliweyo kodwa njengentsimi yoxinzelelo, kuba, ngaphezulu, uninzi lweemfuno zabo alunxibelelani nezinto eziyinyani.

Le mbono yengqondo yengqondo yomntu iyaxoxwa kwaye iphikisiwe nanamhlanje, nangona ikonwabela ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kunye nokuthandwa ethi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, yenze abantu abaninzi bayithathe kancinci okanye bayitolike gwenxa.

Umzekelo wesiqu sakho, yona kunye ne-superego

Kuba zizinto ezikhutshiweyo, ziluncedo ekutolikeni isimilo kunye nokusondela kuso kubunzulu, kunzima ukubonelela ngemizekelo ethile yezi meko zintathu zengqondo, kodwa ngokwendlela ebanzi kakhulu umntu unokuthi:

1. Iimeko ezinobundlobongelakwabanye okanye ungquzulwano olucacileyo lwasentlalweni lunokuvela kuye, ekuzimiseleni kwakhe ukubeka umqobo kwimeko, uhlala esebenza nabanye ngendlela ebonakalayo.
2. Izakhiwo zokuziva unetyala kunye nokungazalisekisi amabango akho, umzekelo, zihlala zivela kwi-superego, njengesohlwayo kunye nomzekelo wokuziphatha ophaphileyo.
3. Ubomi nokufa kuqhuba ezibonakala ngathi zivela nzulu ngaphakathi kwengqondo kwaye zihlala zikhokelela ekuziphatheni okuphindaphindayo, zihlala zivela kwi-id.
4. Amaphupha Batolikwa ngengqondo ye-psychoanalysis njengokubonakaliswa okufihlakeleyo komxholo we-id, okwaziyo ukuzibonakalisa ngendlela engalunganga.
5. Ukufezekiswa kweminqweno kunye neengcinga ngokuthetha-thethana nezihlanganisi zokwenyani, ngumsebenzi owenziwe yi-ego, engqongwe ziimfuno ze-id kunye nemigaqo ye-superego.