Umxholo
- Lenziwe njani ishiti lesishwankathelo?
- Lisebenzisela ntoni iphepha lesishwankathelo?
- Isishwankathelo semizekelo yamakhadi
Inkqubo ye- iphepha lesishwankatheloYincwadi okanye uxwebhu lwekhompyuter apho kugcinwa khona eyona datha iphambili yesifundo esifundwayo.
Igama elithile iphepha lesishwankathelo Ivela kwixesha apho amaphepha amaphepha amancinci amancinci (isinye kwisithathu sephepha le-A4) asetyenziselwa ukurekhoda idatha. "I-tab" yayiyinkxaso yephepha, eyayisetyenziselwa ukuhlela idatha kwiincwadi elayibrari, abathengi okanye abaguli.
Okwangoku amakhadi akwifomathi yawo yoqobo aqhele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela efanayo. Ukuba sithatha amanqaku ephepheni, asihlali sisebenzisa amakhadi esalathiso kodwa iincwadana okanye iibhloko zephepha ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo.
Amakhadi esishwankathelo asetyenziselwa ukufundela iimviwo okanye ukwenza uphando ngeemonographs, i-theses, amanqaku kunye ne-theses.
- Bona kwakho: Iirekhodi zebhayibhile
Lenziwe njani ishiti lesishwankathelo?
Kwikhadi lesishwankathelo, kuhlaziywa umthombo othile: iincwadi, iimagazini, udliwanondlebe, ugcino lwedatha. Yonke imithombo yolwazi kufuneka icaciswe kwifayile, ukuze kamva ibandakanywe kwisicatshulwa.
Umzekelo, kuvavanyo lomlomo unokuthi: Ndithatha umxholo we-panopticon ephuhliswe nguMichel Foucault.
Kwisicatshulwa esibhaliweyo ungabhala: Isithandi sobulumko uMichel Foucault uveza ipanopticon njengesiqhelo soluntu.
Kuyo yomibini le mizekelo, umbhali ucacisiwe, Oko kukuthi, into eyathethwa ngumbhali idluliswa ngamazwi akhe.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kuye kufuneke ubhale amagama ombhali kunye namakhadi athile abizwa ngokuba “ngamakhadi okuqeshwa” okanye “ikhadi elibhaliweyo” anokusetyenziswa, okanye izicatshulwa ezibhalwe ngokuthe ngqo zingabandakanywa kumakhadi esishwankathelo.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, iphepha kunye nedatha yokuhlela yomsebenzi apho kwenziwa khona i-abstract kufuneka zibandakanywe, ukuze sikwazi ukukhankanya ngokufanelekileyo kwisicatshulwa esilandelayo.
Ulwazi oluqulathe isishwankathelo luya kuhlala luxhomekeke kusetyenziso olucetywayo kodwa, ngokubanzi, lonke iphepha lesishwankathelo kufuneka libe nalo:
- Isiqinisekiso
- Umbhali
- Iingcamango eziphambili
- Iingqinisiso zeBhayibhile
- Amanqaku
Ukuze kube lula ukusebenzisa iimakhishithi zesishwankathelo, kufuneka zilandele kwifomathi enye, ngesihloko esinye ukufumana ngokulula ithebhu nganye. Ukwenza amakhadi esalathiso yindlela yokulungiselela ulwazi, ke kuya kusebenza kuphela ukuba amakhadi nawo alungelelaniswe ngokungqongqo.
Lisebenzisela ntoni iphepha lesishwankathelo?
- Ukulungiselela iincwadi kwithala leencwadi. Ukuba ikhadi lisetyenziswa kwilayibrari ukushwankathela umxholo wencwadi kubafundi abanokubakho, kukhankanywa ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ngaphandle kokuzichaza okanye ukuziphuhlisa. Olu hlobo lwerekhodi lukwabizwa ngokuba yi "bibliographic rekodi".
- Ukufundela uviwo lomlomo. Inolwazi olunokuthi luboniswe kuvavanyo, icaciswe ngamagama afanelekileyo ukulungiselela imeko yoviwo kwaye kwangaxeshanye kulandelelwano olusengqiqweni olwenza kube lula ukukhumbula.
- Ukufundela uviwo olubhaliweyo. Inefomathi efanayo neyangaphambili, kodwa inika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekubhaleni ngokuchanekileyo kwamagama anzima kunye namagama ombhali.
- Njengenxalenye yethisisi okanye uphando lwe-monograph. Inesishwankathelo semixholo yencwadi, ephuhlisa kuphela iikhonsepthi eziya kusetyenziswa kwithisisi elandelayo.
Isishwankathelo semizekelo yamakhadi
Umbhali: UGabriel Garcia Marquez
Isiqinisekiso: Ingxelo yokufa eyaxelwa kwangaphambili
Uhlobo: Intsomi. Uncwadi lwaseLatin American
Unyaka wokupapashwa: 1981
Ibalisa ngeziganeko ezenzeka kufutshane nomtshato kaBayardo San Román (indoda esisityebi esitsha edolophini) kunye no-Ángela Vicario. Ngexesha leziganeko, abafazi babefanele bahlale benyulu de batshate, kodwa uAngela wayengeyontombi. UBayardo uyayifumanisa kwaye ambuyisele endlwini yabazali bakhe. Abantakwabo Angela (uPedro noPablo) bathathe isigqibo sokubulala lowo uthathe ubuntombi kudade wabo, umfana ogama linguSantiago Nasar. Idolophu iphela iyazazi iinjongo zabo kodwa akukho mntu ubanqanda.
Obona balinganiswa:
U-Angela Vicario: mncinci ngaphandle kweempawu ezintle, ade akhethwe njengentombi yindoda esisityebi.
UBayardo San Román: injineli esandula ukufika edolophini, inobutyebi obukhulu. Khetha u-Angela ukuba atshate naye.
USantiago Nasar: umfana oneminyaka engama-21 ubudala onwabileyo. U-Angela ufanele ukuba ngumthandi.
Umbalisi: ngummelwane wedolophu obalisa ngeziganeko njengoko wayezijongile okanye axelelwe zona.
UPoncio Vicario: Utata ka-Angela. Umkhandi wegolide ngaphambi kokuba angaboni.
IPura Vicario: Umama ka-Angela.
UPedro Vicario: Umntakwabo Angela. Iminyaka engama-24 ubudala, ugqiba kwelokuba abulale uSantiago.
UPablo Vicario: Ubhuti ka-Angela, iwele likaPedro. Nceda umntakwabo abulale uSantiago.
Amanqaku:
UGabriel García Márquez: 1927 - 2014. 1982 Ibhaso likaNobel kuNcwadi
Ukunyuka kwesiLatin American. Ubunyani bomlingo.
Umbhali: UWalter Benjamin
Isiqinisekiso"Umsebenzi wobugcisa ngexesha lokuveliswa kwakhona kobuchwephesha"
Ipapashwe kwi: 1936
Imixholo: ubugcisa, ezopolitiko, iMarxism, ushishino.
Iingcamango eziphambili:
I-Aura: amava angenakuphindwa phambi komsebenzi wobugcisa. Oku kungonakaliswa kokuveliswa kobugcisa kwemisebenzi. Ukuzala kwahlulahlula umsebenzi kwindawo yawo ngokwesiko.
Ipolitiki kwezobugcisa: ukusuka ekuphulukaneni ne-aura, owona msebenzi wobugcisa utshintsha. Isiseko sayo siyayeka ukuba sisithethe sokwenza ezopolitiko.
Ubuhle bobomi bezopolitiko: Impendulo yeFascism yokulahleka kwe-aura: ihlelo le-caudillo liqala.
AmanqakuUBenjamin ngowesikolo saseFrankfurt: i-neo-Marxist yangoku yengcinga.
Esi sincoko sipapashwa xa uHitler wayesele eyiChancellor yaseJamani.
Umbhali: UFriedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. Ifilosofi yaseJamani.
Isiqinisekiso: Ukuzalwa kwentlekele
Intlungu yamaGrike iphakathi kobugcisa obumangalisayo kunye nesiko.
I-Apollonia (yothixo u-Apollo) kunye ne-Dionysian (yothixo uDionysus) yimikhosi yobugcisa evela kwindalo enye.
I-Apollonia: Ihlabathi leMifanekiso yePhupha. Ukufezekisa okuzimeleyo kwixabiso lomntu ngamnye. Ihlabathi njengelonke elinocwangco nelikhanyayo. Icacisa imvisiswano kunye nokucaca, imeko elungeleleneyo nelungeleleneyo ephikisana namandla aphambili kunye nethuku. Ukuhlengahlengiswa.
I-Dionysian: inyani enxilileyo. Ukupheliswa komntu kunye nokupheliswa kubumbano olungaqondakaliyo. Ingcinga yesiGrike yehlabathi ngaphambi kokuvela kwefilosofi. Umele umoya womhlaba. Umqondiso wobuhle wamandla, umculo kunye nokunxila.
Ukutyunjwa"Njengokuba imeko yobuhle ikhona apha emhlabeni kufanelekile."
UNietzsche, F. (1990) Ukuzalwa kwentlekele, ehambayo. A. Sánchez Pascual, Madrid: Alianza, iphe. 42.
Amanqaku: Yincwadi yokuqala yeNietzsche.
Impembelelo: Shopenhauer noRichard Wagner.
Landela ngo:
- Iphepha lomsebenzi
- Imithetho ye-APA
