Umxholo
Inkqubo ye- inguqu Yinguqu engenakuguqulwa, into eyenzeka kuhlobo lwezilwanyana ezithile. Sibona kwezinye izilwanyana ezinjenge-dragonfly, ibhabhathane kunye namasele.
Olu luvo luye lwathathwa kukudalwa kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iintsomi namabali amasiko akudala njengamandulo amaGrike nabantu bangaphambi kukaColumbian baseMelika, ababalisa ngokutshintsha kwabantu okanye oothixo baba zizilwanyana okanye izityalo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, izilwanyana ziye zitshintshe ulwakhiwo kunye nokuma komzimba ngexesha lokukhula kombungu. Kodwa yintoni eyenza izilwanyana ezibandezelekileyo zahluke inguqu, kukuba ezi ziyatshintsha emva kokuzalwa.
Olu tshintsho lwahlukile kolwenzeka ngenxa yokukhula (utshintsho kubungakanani nokwanda kweeseli), kuba kwezi, i utshintsho lwenzeka kwinqanaba leselula. Olu tshintsho lukhulu kwi-physiognomy ihlala ikwathetha utshintsho kwindawo yokuhlala nakwindlela yokuziphatha yohlobo.
Imetamorphosis inokuba:
- I-Hemimetabolism: Umntu uya kutshintsho oluninzi ade abe mdala. Akukho nanye kula manqanaba kukho ukungasebenzi kunye nokondla kuhlala kuhlala kunjalo. Kumanqanaba okuvuthwa, abantu bafana nabantu abadala, ngaphandle kokungabikho kwamaphiko, ubungakanani, kunye nokungakhuli ngokwesini. Umntu wezigaba zolutsha ubizwa ngokuba yi-nymph.
- IHolometabolism: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yimetamorphosis epheleleyo. Umntu oqandusela eqandeni wohluke mpela kumntu omdala kwaye ubizwa ngokuba ngumbungu. Kukho inqanaba lopuphu, elinqanaba apho ingondli khona, kwaye ngokubanzi ayishukumi, ibiyelwe kwisigubungelo esikhusela ngexesha lokulungelelaniswa kwezicubu kunye namalungu.
Imizekelo yemetamorphosis
Inamba (hemimetabolism)
I-arthropod eziphaphazelayo, ezinamaphiko amabini abonakalayo. Ziyaqandusela kumaqanda abekwa yimazi kufutshane namanzi okanye kwindawo yasemanzini. Xa ziqandusela emaqandeni, oonombombiya zii-nymphs, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ziyafana nezabantu abadala kodwa zinezihlomelo ezincinci endaweni yamaphiko, kwaye ngaphandle kwee-gonads ezivuthiweyo (amalungu okuzala).
Zitya imibungu yengcongconi kwaye zihlala phantsi kwamanzi. Baphefumla ngemithambo. Inqanaba lobungu linokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezimbini kunye neminyaka emihlanu, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Xa uguquko luye lwenzeka, ijekamanzi liphuma emanzini kwaye liqala ukuphefumla emoyeni. Iphulukana nolusu lwayo, ivumela amaphiko ukuba ahambe. Itya iimpukane neengcongconi.
Ijellyfish yenyanga
Xa kuqanduselwa iqanda, i-jellyfish ziyi-polyps, oko kukuthi, zivela ngomsesane weentambo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kweprotein ngexesha lasebusika, iipolyps zijika zibe yi-jellyfish yabantu abadala entwasahlobo. Iprotein eqokelelweyo ibangela ukufihlakala kwehomoni eyenza i-jellyfish ibe ngumntu omdala.
I-Grasshopper (i-hemimetabolism)
Sisinambuzane esinee-eriyali ezimfutshane, esidla ingca. Umntu omdala unemilenze yangasemva eyomeleleyo evumela ukuba itsibe. Ngendlela efanayo noonombombiya, xa beqandusela intothoviyane ijika ibe yingcungcu, kodwa kule meko bafana kakhulu nabantu abadala.
Ibhabhathane (Holometabolism)
Xa liqandusela eqandeni, ibhabhathane elikwisibungu, elibizwa ngokuba ngumbungu, kwaye litya izityalo. Intloko yemibungu inee-eriyali ezimbini ezincinci kunye neesithandathu zamehlo. Umlomo awusetyenziselwa kuphela ukutya kodwa kukwakho namadlala avelisa isilika, aya kuthi kamva asetyenziselwe ukwenza inkuku.
Uhlobo ngalunye lunexesha elithile lesigaba sombungu, sona esilungiswa bubushushu. Isigaba somntwana kwibhabhathane kuthiwa yiChrysalis. I-chrysalis ihlala ingahambi, ngelixa izicwili ziguqulwa kwaye zihlengahlengiswa: amadlala esilika aba ngamadlala amathe, umlomo uba sisiqalo, imilenze iyakhula, kunye nolunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo.
Eli lizwe lihlala malunga neeveki ezintathu. Xa ibhabhathane sele lenziwe, i-cuticle ye-chrysalis iya incipha, de ibhabhathane liyophule kwaye livele. Kuya kufuneka ulinde iyure okanye ezimbini ukuze amaphiko aqine ukuze abhabhe.
Inyosi (iHolometabolism)
Imibungu yenyosi iqanduselwa kwiqanda elimhlophe elihlangeneyo kwaye ihlala kwisisele apho iqanda lalifakwe khona. Umbungu nawo umhlophe kwaye ngeentsuku ezimbini zokuqala utya umbulelo wejeli yasebukhosini kwiinyosi ezingabongikazi. Iyaqhubeka nokondla ijeli ethile, kuxhomekeka ekubeni yinyosi yokumkanikazi okanye inyosi yomsebenzi.
Isisele apho ifunyenwe sigutyungelwe ngomhla wethoba emva kokuqanduselwa. Ngexesha le-prepupa kunye ne-pupae, ngaphakathi kweseli, imilenze, iimpondo, amaphiko aqala ukuvela, isifuba, isisu kunye namehlo ziyakhula. Umbala wayo utshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe de ube mdala. Ithuba elihlala ngalo inyosi esiseleni liphakathi kweentsuku ezisi-8 (ukumkanikazi) kunye neentsuku ezili-15 (idrone). Lo mahluko ubangelwe ngumahluko wokondla.
Amasele
Amasele zizinto eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zihlala emhlabeni nasemanzini. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lamanqanaba akhokelela esiphelweni se-metamorphosis, bahlala emanzini. Imibungu eqanduselwa emaqandeni (efakwe emanzini) ibizwa ngokuba ngooqongqothwane kwaye iyafana nentlanzi. Ziyaqubha kwaye ziphefumle phantsi kwamanzi, kuba zinemiphunga. Iitadpoles zonyuka ngokobukhulu de kufike ixesha lokuguquluka.
Ngexesha layo, iigill zilahlekile kunye nolwakhiwo lolusu luyatshintsha, luvumela ukuphefumla okusisiqatha. Zilahlekelwa ngumsila wazo. Bafumana amalungu amatsha kunye nemilenze, enjengemilenze (imilenze yangasemva kuqala, emva koko imilenze yangaphambili) kunye namadlala e-dermoid. Ukhakhayi, olwenziwe ngentlala, luba ngamathambo. Nje ukuba ukuguqulwa komzimba kugqityiwe, isele liyaqhubeka nokuqubha, kodwa lihlala emhlabeni, nangona lihlala kwindawo ezinomswakama.
