Imizekelo ye-Biochemistry

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Umxholo

Amasebe e-biochemistry
Imizekelo ye-biochemistry

Inkqubo ye- inzululwazi ngamachiza amachiza Lisebe lekhemistri elizinikele ekufundeni izinto eziphilayo ekwakhiweni kwazo kwemichiza. Yinzululwazi yolingo.

Imixholo yayo ephambili yile protein, iikhabhohayidrethi, iipilisi, ii-acid ze-nucleic kunye neemolekyuli ezahlukeneyo ezenza iiseli, kunye nokuphendula kwemichiza abakwenzayo. Uthatha inxaxheba kwezonyango, kwi-pharmacology nakwi-agrochemistry, phakathi kwezinye izinto.

I-Biochemistry iphonononga indlela izinto eziphilayo eziwafumana ngayo amandla (catabolism) kwaye ziyisebenzise ukwenza iimolekyuli ezintsha (i-anabolism). Phakathi kweenkqubo azifundayo kukwetyisa ukutya, ifotosinthesisi, izithintelo iikhemikhali zebhayiloji, ukuvelisa kwakhona, ukukhula, njl.

Amasebe e-biochemistry

Ulwakhiwo lwebhayiloji: Uphononongo lobume bemichiza lweemacromolecule zebhayiloji, ezinje ngeeproteni kunye iicicic acid (IDNA kunye neRNA).
Ikhemistri yezinto eziphilayo: Funda ezi zinto zinazo iibhondi ezihambelanayo icarbon-carbon okanye icarbon-hydrogen, ebizwa iikhompawundi eziphilayo. Ezi khompawundi zifumaneka kuphela kwizinto eziphilayo.
Enzymology: Iimpawu ze-enzyme Izinto zokuguqula izinto eziphilayo ovumela umzimba ukuba uphumeze iimpendulo zamachiza njengokuqhekeka kweprotein. Le nzululwazi ifunda indlela abaziphethe ngayo kunye nokunxibelelana kwabo nee-coenzymes kunye nezinye izinto ezinje ngesinyithi kunye neevithamini.
Imetabolism yezinto eziphilayo: Funda iinkqubo ze-metabolic (ukufumana kunye nokuchitha amandla) kwinqanaba leeselula.
Xenobiochemistry: Inxulunyaniswa nekhemesti, ifunda indlela yokuziphatha kwezinto ezingafane zifumaneke kwimetabolism yento ephilayo.
Ugonyo: Funda indlela ophendula ngayo kwizinto eziphilayo kwiintsholongwane.
Endocrinology: Funda indlela yokuziphatha ye iihomoni kwizinto eziphilayo. IiHormone zizinto ezinokuthi zikhutshwe ngumzimba okanye zifunyenwe ngaphandle, ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweeseli ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo.
Neurochemistry: Funda malunga nokuziphatha kweekhemikhali kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Ikomotaxonomy: Funda kwaye uhlele izinto eziphilayo ngokwahlukahlukana kwazo kwimichiza yazo.
Imichiza yendalo: Funda izinto zebhayoloji ezisetyenziswa zizinto eziphilayo ukunxibelelana.
IntsholongwaneNgokukodwa kufundiswa iintsholongwane, ukuhlelwa kwazo, ukusebenza, ubume beemolekyuli kunye nendaleko. Inxulunyaniswa ne-pharmacology.
Imfuza: Funda iijethi, intetho yazo, ukuhanjiswa kwazo kunye nokuzala kwakhona kwemolekyuli.
Imolekyuli yebhayoloji: Funda iinkqubo ze-biochemical ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kumbono weemolekyuli.
Ibhayoloji yeseli (icytology): Funda i-chemistry, i-morphology kunye ne-physiology yeentlobo ezimbini zeeseli: ii-prokaryotes kunye nee-eukaryotes.

Ukuphuhliswa kwezichumisi: izichumisi zizinto ezithanda ukukhula kwamasimi. Ukuziphuhlisa kufuneka wazi iimfuno zeekhemikhali zezityalo.
Izicoci ze-Enzymatic: ezi zizicoci ezinokuthi zisuse intsalela yento ene-necrotic, ngaphandle kokuvelisa isenzo esonakalisayo kwiindawo ezingaphiliyo.
Amayeza: ukwenziwa kwamayeza kuxhomekeke kulwazi lweenkqubo zemichiza zomzimba womntu kunye neebhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane echaphazelayo.
Izinto zokuthambisa: Iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwizithambiso kufuneka zithandeke kumachiza omzimba.
Ukutya okulinganiselweyo kwezilwanyana zasekhaya: ukutya kuphuhliswa kulwazi lweemetabolic kunye nesondlo sezilwanyana.
Isondlo: nokuba yintoni injongo yokutya kwethu (kukufumana okanye ukunciphisa umzimba, iswekile esezantsi yegazi, ukuphelisa i-cholesterol, njl.
Iindonga zesisu zikulungele ukumelana ne-asidi yokwetyisa enokubangela ukonzakala okukhulu xa inokudibana namalungu omzimba wethu ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokwetyisa.
Xa sinomkhuhlane, umzimba wethu uzama ukufikelela kubushushu apho izinto ezincinci ezisonzakalisayo zingenakuphila.
Xa umzimba wethu ungakwazi ukuzikhusela kwizinto ezincinci, iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane Zezona mpendulo zamachiza zithintela ukuzala kwazo kunye nokuziphelisa.
Izongezo zokutya zisivumela ukuba sifunxe izinto eziphilayo okanye ezingafunekiyo ezifunwa yimizimba yethu ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.