Umxholo
Inkqubo ye- iindlela zokufunda Zindlela zokufundisa kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngabafundi ukuqonda kunye nokwazisa ulwazi oluthile, ixabiso, isakhono okanye amandla. Ngokubanzi, ootitshala kunye nootitshala basebenzisa ezi ndlela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufundisa ukuze basondeze abafundi kumxholo othile. Obu buchule budla ngokuba yimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye namandla eqela anegalelo ekufundeni komfundi. Njengokuba: Ukulungiswa kweemephu zembono, iintetho zomlomo, iingxoxo.
Kubantwana nakubantu abancinci, iindlela zokufunda zihlala zisetyenziswa esikolweni (zodwa okanye zikhatshwa ngoontanga) okanye ekhaya. Ezinye iindlela azihambisi ukufikelela kulwazi kuphela kodwa zikwakhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwezakhono zentlalo.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda zokukhuthaza ubukrelekrele kunye nokufunda. Uninzi lwazo lujolise kuhlalutyo kunye nokulinga, endaweni yokukhumbula nokuphindaphinda ulwazi. Ezi zixhobo ziya kusebenza ngakumbi nangaphantsi ngokomntu ngamnye, kuba nganye inendlela yayo yokufunda kunye nobuchule.
Iindidi zokufunda
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ezahlukileyo kumntu kumntu. Ngalunye lwezi ntlobo lusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule. Banokuhlelwa ngokwejelo leemvakalelo kwi:
- Ukufunda ngokubonakalayo. Sebenzisa ubuchule bokufunda obuquka imifanekiso, iitshathi kunye negrafu. Ngazo umntu ubona iingqondo kwaye aziqonde.
- Uphicotho-zincwadi. Sebenzisa iindlela zokuphulaphula ezinje ngengxoxo-mpikiswano, umculo, ukuyalelwa, iividiyo. Ngokusebenzisa kwabo umntu uyakwazi ukubamba kunye nokukhumbula iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemixholo.
- Ukufunda kweKinesthetic. Sebenzisa iindlela ezibandakanya ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabafundi. Kolu hlobo lokufunda, abantu bayayiqonda kwaye bayifakele ulwazi ngomzimba, ukusebenzisana kunye nokulinga.
- Qhubeka kwi: Iindidi zokufunda
Imizekelo yeendlela zokufunda
- Ingxoxo okanye ingxoxo. Inkqubo yokufunda isetyenziselwa ukufumana izimvo zomntu ngamnye okanye zeqela. Ingxoxo-mpikiswano ikhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngezimvo kunye nengqondo. Ngokunjalo, ulwazi lweqela lonke luyaphuculwa. Kubalulekile ukwenza imeko yengxoxo apho zonke izimvo zibandakanyiwe.
- Ukuqiqa. Enye yeendlela zobugcisa ezisetyenzisiweyo. Igama, ibinzana okanye umfanekiso usetyenziswa njengesizathu sokukhulisa izimvo ezintsha. Rhoqo amagama amabini angenakhonkco aqhelekileyo anokuboniswa ukuze asebenze kubo.
- Umdlalo weqonga. Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukuqonda iimeko zentlalo. Injongo yendlela yokwenza umdlalo weqonga kukomeleza ubudlelwane noontanga, ukukhuthaza uvelwano nobumbano; kunye nokusebenza kuphuhliso lweempendulo ezisengqiqweni kunye nemisebenzi yeemoto.
- Indlela yokubonisa. Inkqubo ebandakanya ukwenziwa ngomlomo kwesihloko esithile. Kobu buchule, injongo kukuba umfundi aqonde isihloko esithile ukuze kamva asibonise phambi kwabafundi afunda nabo. Kukhuthaza ukufundwa kweendlela zokuthetha esidlangalaleni.
- Imephu ezinengqiqo. I-Technique eyenziwa yimephu yeengcinga, ii-flowcharts okanye iitafile ezifanayo.
- Umsebenzi wophando. I-hypothesis yokuqala okanye umbuzo uyacetyiswa kwaye ulwazi lwethiyori luyafunwa okanye kwenziwa ulingelo ukuze lukwazi ukuvavanya ukuba ngaba i-hypothesis ingqinisisiwe okanye hayi.
- Wazoba. Inkqubo evumela ukukhuthazwa kwe-hemisphere elungileyo, ephethe imifanekiso kunye nobuchule babantu.
- Itafile zokuthelekisa. Inkqubo esetyenziswa xa iingcinga ezimbini okanye ezingakumbi zichasana. Izinto ezahlukeneyo eziza kuhlalutywa zithiwe thaca etafileni. Ngobu buchule, iikhonsepthi kunye neenkcazo zibonakala zilungisiwe.
- Imigca yamaxesha. Itekhnoloji esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa umbono wexesha kwaye ikwazi ukukhumbula imihla ebalulekileyo kunye neziganeko ngendlela elula nebonakalayo kwaye ikwazi ukuseka ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo.
- Ukufundwa kwamatyala. Itekhnoloji ejolise kuphononongo lwetyala elithile (kwicandelo lezentlalo, lezomthetho) ukuze kuhlalutyo lwemeko ethile, ulwazi oluthile lunokuqondwa kwaye lurekhodwe.
- Qhubeka: Imidlalo yokufunda
