Imizekelo yokuhluza eli-15 - I-Encyclopedia

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Umxholo

Ukucoca imizekelo
Ezinye iindlela zokwahlula imixube

Inkqubo ye- ukuhluza yinkqubo yokwahlula into yomelele ye ulwelo apho ikumiswa khona, ukusuka kwindlela yoomatshini ebizwa ngokuba yisefu, isihluzo okanye isisefo. Esi sisixhobo esivulekileyo, esivumela ukudlula kweemolekyuli ezincinci kunye neemolekyuli zeductile zamanzi, kodwa sigcine amasuntswana amakhulu esiqina.

Iifilitha ezaziwayo ngamalaphu, iplastiki okanye imethi yentsimbi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaphepha, kwaye le ndlela inokuba yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso nakwimihla ngemihla ukwahlula izinto eziqinileyo ekumiseni okanye ukuhlangula izinto ezinobuninzi kwinto ethile engamanzi.

Ngokobungakanani kunye nohlobo lwe umxube, singathetha malunga:

Ukucoca. Kananjalo, isekwe ekwahlukanisweni kwamasuntswana aqinileyo amancinci (ahlala engabonakali) kwi-colloidal suspension.
Ukuphosa. Ukwahlulahlulwa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo kodwa abonakalayo kulwelo, ngesihluzi esibizwa ngokuba sisihluzo.
Ukusefa. Ukwahlulahlulwa kwamasuntswana amakhulu kulwelo okanye kwaphakathi nendawo ukusuka kumasuntswana aqinileyo, ngokusebenzisa isisefo.

Ukucoca imizekelo

Ukulungiselela ikofu. Ikofu esemhlabeni inikwa ngqo ngesisefo (esenziwe ngelaphu okanye ephepheni) kwaye kugalelwa amanzi abilayo, ekhupha incasa kunye neempawu zekofu, esazi ukuba "iyayicima" okanye intsalela eqinileyo yomgubo wekofu. iyakuhlala kwisihluzi kwaye ayizukungena kwindebe.
Ukupheka ipasta. Ipasta kufuneka iphekwe emanzini abilayo ukuhambisa amanzi kwaye iphinde ibonakalise ukutyeba kunye nokuthambeka, kodwa ityiwa ngaphandle kwayo, ke kufuneka icocwe, ivumele amanzi ukuba acofe kunye nepasta ephekiweyo ihlale isisihluzi.
Ukucocwa kweJusi. Kwimveliso yeejusi ezininzi, iziqhamo zidityaniswa zangangamanzi, okanye umgubo ucudisiwe ukuze kufunyanwe incindi. Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, kufuneka ukuba uxinaniswe ukwahlula ifayibha eqinileyo okanye intsalela yempuphu kulwelo uqobo.
Ukulungiselela ukumnika. Iti ezininzi kunye ne-infusions zenziwe ngengca entsha, ebekwe kwimitya emanzini abilayo. Nje ukuba izinto eziqulathwe kuyo zikhutshwe, ziyaxinana ukuze zikhuphe imicu eqinileyo kwaye zishiya ulwelo kwindebe.
Iifilitha zomoya. Kwiindawo ezininzi ezivaliweyo okanye nakwinkqubo yenaliti yomoya yeinjini zemoto, iifilitha zisetyenziselwa ukugcina ukungcola okuvela emoyeni, njengothuli kunye nezinye izinto eziqinileyo zomzuzu, ukugcina umoya ungena kwinkqubo ucoceke kangangoko. Kuyafana nakwisihluzi sokomisa, esiqokelela ilindle kunye nelaphu lomoya ovela emoyeni.
Iifilitha zamanzi. Rhoqo emakhaya isicoci samanzi sisetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola emanzini ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa ekhaya. Ezi zihluzo zihlala zinamatye angena ngaphakathi avumela ukudlula kwamanzi kodwa agcine amasuntswana amancinci kunye nezinto ezihamba nawo.
Iifilitha zeoyile. Kwiinjini zokutsha, iifilitha zeoyile zisetyenziselwa ukugcina amasuntswana ekhabhoni aveliswa kukusasazeka okushushu kwezi zithambisi, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwa amasuntswana agcinwe kwisihluzi nakwioyile icocekile ngokusemandleni, ukwandisa ubomi obuluncedo boomatshini.
Iitinajeros okanye izihluzo zamatye. Ngokusekwe ekudlulisweni kwamanzi ukusuka kwisikhongozeli esingaphezulu ukuya kwelisezantsi ngelitye elinamazinyo, yayizixhobo zokucoca amanzi ezazisetyenziswa ngexesha lobukoloniyali ezindlwini. Namhlanje zigcinwa njengezinto zokuhombisa.
Amanzi amdaka. Ukuncamatheliswa kwesinyithi emlonyeni wamanzi amdaka okuhambisa amanzi amdaka kusebenza njengesefu yokugcina inkunkuma enkulu eqinileyo kunye nokuthintela ukuvalwa kwemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi ehla ngawo amanzi emvula.
Icebo lokucoca icuba. Yenziwe nge-acetylated cellulose, bayayifeza indima yokuhluza umoya ngomsi otshisayo wamagqabi ecuba, ukuthintela intsalela eqinileyo yomlilo ekungeneni emiphungeni kunye nomoya.

Iminatha yephuli. Isetyenziselwa ukucoca amanzi, zigcina izinambuzane, amagqabi kunye nenkunkuma ngokubanzi kwindawo eqinileyo enqunyanyisiweyo emanzini kwaye ivumela ukuba ulwelo ludlule, ngaloo ndlela lusebenza njengesixhobo sokucoca.
Ukusefa umgubo. Umgubo (oqinileyo) uhlala ugqitha ngesihlungulu okanye isihluzo, hayi ukucoceka kuyo nayiphi na intsalela okanye izinambuzane, kodwa ukuyenza ibe nomoya kwaye ivumele ukungcola ngakumbi kwiidizethi kunye nokuthintela ukwenziwa kwamaqhuma.
Ukucoca isamente. Kumalungiselelo wecandelo lokwakha, umgubo wesamente uhlala uhluzwa ngaphambi kokuwuxuba, ukunqanda ukuba amasuntswana ezinto sele eza kulandelwa okanye anegranular kwaye ke ngoko aqinisekise ukuba umxube uhambelana.
Uxilongo. Kwizigulana ezingasebenziyo kwezintso, umsebenzi wokucoca igazi uyimfuneko, osusa ityhefu kunye nenkunkuma engeyomfuneko kuyo: oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-dialysis kwaye kwenziwa ngoomatshini abakhethekileyo. Izintso ziya kuba sisihluzo segazi sendalo.
Iphepha lokucoca. Isetyenziswa kwiilebhu ukwahlula amanzi kunye nezinto ezinokuthanjeka ngokulula ezinje ngeswekile, ityuwa okanye isanti, liphepha elingena ngaphandle eligcina amasuntswana amancinci kodwa livumela amanzi ukuba adlule.