Imidiya

Umxholo

• Iindidi zeendaba
• Imizekelo yeendaba

Ithiyiwe eendaba kwitekhnoloji eyahlukeneyo kunye iindlela ezivumela umthumeli othile ukuba anxibelelane nomamkeli omnye okanye nangaphezulu, nokuba kungokuhamba kwexesha okanye ukulibaziseka, ngokusebenzisa amaza esandi okanye isicatshulwa esibhaliweyo, kumgama omfutshane okanye omde.

Kule ngcamango banendawo ukusuka kwiMass Media enkulu yexesha langoku (njengethelevishini), ukuya kumajelo osasazo kunye nawabantu (anje ngomnxeba).

Iindidi zeendaba

Ukwahlulwa ngokwesiko kwemithombo yeendaba kuseke iindidi ezintathu: zaseprayimari (ezingabandakanyi oomatshini), yesibini (ukuphucula ubuchwephesha kusasazo) kunye imfundo ephakamileyo (bobabini umthumeli kunye nomamkeli basebenzise isixhobo).

Ukuqwalaselwa kwangoku kunokwahlula amaqela amakhulu amathathu eendaba, ngokwendima abayidlalayo ebomini bethu:

– Ulwazi ngemithombo yeendaba)

– Imithombo yeendaba yonxibelelwano, Ukudibanisa abantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu ngendlela yabucala kwaye ihlala isondelelene, ivumela ukutshintshiselana ngeendima (bidirectionality).

– Imithombo yeendaba yokuzonwabisa, Ububanzi bayo buhlala bukhulu kwaye bujolise ekuzonwabiseni nasekuzonwabiseni, zihlala zibambene nezobugcisa, inkcubeko yabantu okanye iindlela zoluntu zangoku.

Imizekelo yeendaba

1. Umabonwakude. Omnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili bamaxesha ethu. Kukho umabonakude phantse kuyo yonke indlu emhlabeni, osasaza umxholo wayo, iindaba, ukuzonwabisa kunye nentengiso ngamawaka amajelo asele ekho.
2. Unomathotholo. Olona lukhulu lokufuduswa ngumzi kamabonakude, namhlanje luthathe indawo kwizithuthi ezingakwaziyo ukwenza ngaphandle kokubona kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngumqhubi wabo, kunye nokwenziwa koluntu iidiliya abaphulaphuli.
3. Iphephandaba. Phakathi kwemithombo yeendaba ebaluleke kakhulu kunye nexesha elide, imithombo yeendaba ebhaliweyo iyaqhubeka nokuba yenye yezona ziphambili, nangona ukufakwa kwayo ngokuthe ngcembe kwiifomathi zedijithali kutyholwa. Intengiso, ulwazi kunye noluvo zinendawo yazo kwifomathi yoqoqosho kunye nokulahla.
4. Ifowunizemveli. Idalwe ngo-1877, sisixhobo esingasetyenziswanga ngokungagungqiyo, sigxothwa kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwefowuni kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi. Iphendula kwimodeli yesandi kunye nonxibelelwano oluqinisekileyo ukusuka kwinkulungwane ephelileyo.
5. Unomyayi. Enye yeendaba zonxibelelwano ezikhulayo, ngesandla kunye ne-Intanethi, iselfowuni idlulile kwizikimu zesiko kwifowuni yasekhaya, kubandakanya ukuthumela imiyalezo kunye nolwazi lwazo zonke iintlobo ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo zotshintshiselwano olukude.
6. Thumela imeyile. Isasetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi ukuthenga nokuthumela unxibelelwano lwaseburhulumenteni, kodwa kugxothwe ngokupheleleyo ngeendlela zonxibelelwano zale mihla. I-Bhritane, enyanisweni, iyaqhayisa ngokuba yeyona nkonzo yeposi ibalaseleyo emhlabeni.
7. Ifeksi. Ifeksi (ifeksi) yayiyeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ngaphambili yokuhanjiswa kwemifanekiso. Ivumela ukuthunyelwa kwemifanekiso kuguqulwe kube ziimpembelelo zedijithali ngomnatha wonxibelelwano. Umxube phakathi kwefowuni kunye nekopi.
8. ICinema. Yangeniswa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, iyaqhubeka nanamhlanje ngenxa yetekhnoloji entsha (namhlanje phantse yonke into iyedijithali), iyindawo ethandwayo yezigidi zababukeli kwihlabathi liphela.
9. Iinethiwekhi zentlalo. Phakathi kwegalelo lakutshanje le-Intanethi ziindawo zonxibelelwano, ukudibanisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezixhotyiswe ngonxibelelwano kumbono omnye woluntu olunomdla. Itekhnoloji ethandwayo kakhulu nephikisayo, ngenxa yamandla kunye neengozi zokuvezwa okukhulu.
10. Ilizwi lomntu. Eyokuqala kunye neyona ndlela ininzi yendalo yonxibelelwano. Ngaphandle kwamacingo, simahla, sinqunyelwe kwaye sifikelele ngokukhawuleza.
11. Kwi-Intanethi. Owona mthombo mkhulu wokukhutshwa kwanonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lothungelwano, ulwazi oluphezulu ... nantoni na esifuna ukuyibiza, zezona ndlela zinamandla zokuhambisa idatha kwihlabathi. Isebenza njengosasazo lwepakethi lwehlabathi, olukhawulezayo nolwahlukeneyo kunye nenkqubo yomgaqo.
12. Ikhathuni. Ukusinda kwimvelaphi yayo yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kunye nexesha layo legolide phakathi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ikwazile ukufudukela kwifomathi yedijithali ukugcina ukubaluleka kwayo ebusweni bolutsha nakubantwana, kodwa nakubantu abadala kunye nabaphulaphuli bezobugcisa.
13. Umnxeba. Le sele iyimbali yonxibelelwano. Yayisisisixhobo esisebenzisa imiqondiso yombane ukufumana nokuhambisa imiyalezo ebhaliweyo. Yayiyindlela yokuqala yonxibelelwano ngombane, eyaqanjwa ngenkulungwane ye-19.
14. Incwadi. Mhlawumbi ayikhawulezi, okanye ibe nkulu, okanye ibe yeyangoku njengakwamanye amajelo eendaba, le ncwadi ihlala iyinto engenakonakala yokunxibelelana nomthumeli kunye nabamkeli abaliqela (inye ngexesha ngalinye ngencwadi), zombini ngokolwazi nolonwabo. Iyaphatheka, ayibizi, kwaye yeyesiko, kodwa iya ngokuchasene nesantya sangoku.
15. Irediyo engahlawulwayo. Abathandi boonomathotholo basebenzisa amajelo erediyo ukusasaza kunye nokufumana imiyalezo ngasese, ngohlobo lwesikhululo sikanomathotholo. ii-walkie-talkies yabalindi kunye nabagcini. Iphantse ibe yindawo yobugcisa: uluhlu olufutshane kunye nobukhali obuphantsi.
16. Imeyile. Inguqulelo yangoku yetelegram ivumela ukuthunyelwa kweeleta kunye namaxwebhu kunye neefayile zalo naluphi na uhlobo ngenkonzo yabucala, esondeleyo nefihlakeleyo yenkonzo yemeyile yedijithali.
17. IiJenali. Zombini zisasazwa, ukonwatyiswa okanye ezizodwa, ziluhlobo lokuhlaziya ulwazi kwi-vogue, inikwe ubume bayo bamaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye ijolise kubaphulaphuli abazinzileyo.
18. Izibhengezo zentengiso. Ukuxinana kwezixeko ziintengiso ezihlala zisasaza imiyalezo kubo bonke abantu abadlulayo kwaye babaqaphele, beheha ukujonga kwabo ngezixhobo zemizobo kunye namabinzana obuqili.
19. IiGazethi ezisemthethweni. Izindululo zikarhulumente nezaseburhulumenteni azaziswa kubemi hayi ngamajelo osasazo kuphela, kodwa nangee-gazette kunye namaxwebhu aprintiweyo, indima yawo ayisiyofundiso nje kuphela koko ikwangamaxwebhu.
20. iimpawu zolwimi. Ngokukodwa eyenzelwe abantu abazizithulu, iphinda ivelise iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo eziza kudluliselwa kwizimbo zomzimba, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubiza igama elinye.