Umxholo
- Iimbonakalo
- Ulwakhiwo lwe-S.O
- Ulwahlulo lweenkqubo zokusebenza
- Imbali yeWindows
- Iinkqubo zokusebenza kwi-Intanethi
Yi OS iseti yeenkqubo ezivumela umsebenzisi ukuba enze umsebenzi omnye okanye emininzi kwikhompyuter. Ngale ndlela, inkqubo yokusebenza ngumlamli phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nekhompyuter, kuba yiyo isoftware esisiseko ebonelela ngonxibelelwano phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo zekhompyuter (ezinje ngesuphavayiza, ikhibhodi, izithethi okanye imakrofoni).
Iimbonakalo
Ngale ndlela, imisebenzi ezakwenziwa yinkqubo nganye yokusebenza izeziliqela, kodwa eyokuqala yazo zonke ime phandle, eyiyo Qalisa izixhobo zekhompyutha yekhompyutha; kamva bonelela ngeendlela ezisisiseko ukulawula izixhobo; lawula, cwangcisa kwaye unxibelelane ngemisebenzi kunye nomnye; kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke gcina ingqibelelo yenkqubo. Zombini izoyikiso (iintsholongwane) kunye nezixhobo zokuthintela (unqulo) zenzelwe ngokuchanekileyo ukhuseleko lweenkqubo zokusebenza.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-S.O
Ngokwenyani, ubume benkqubo yokusebenza yenziwe 'ngamanqanaba' amakhulu amahlanu okanye amanqanaba, nganye inoluhlu lwemisebenzi ehambelana nayo:
- Inkqubo ye- Isiseko Esi sisixhobo esilawula zonke iinkqubo, sinoxanduva lokugcina umkhondo wazo zonke iiasethi nokuzicwangcisa. Oku kubandakanya ukhetho lwexesha leprosesa eliza kuhlala elowo nalowo, ke linqanaba elibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka linobukrelekrele obuninzi.
- Igalelo elisisiseko kunye nemveliso ibonelela ngemisebenzi yamandulo enxulunyaniswa nolawulo lwenkumbulo yesibini, ukubonelela ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko zokufumana nokutolika iibhloko zedatha kwidiski enzima, kodwa ngaphandle kokunika iinkcukacha ezininzi.
- Inkqubo ye- ulawulo lweememori ilawula imemori ye-RAM, yabela kwaye ikhulule iinkqubo kwinxalenye yememori yekhompyuter.
- Inkqubo ye- inkqubo yokufayilisha ibonelela ngemisebenzi eyimfuneko yokugcina ulwazi kwiifayile.
- Inqanaba lokugqibela li toliki yomyalelo, apho ujongano olubonakalayo lomsebenzisi lubekwe khona. Oku kugqityiwe kwaye kumiselwe ngokokuthuthuzela kwabasebenzisi.
Ulwahlulo lweenkqubo zokusebenza
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwahlulahlulahlulahlula iinkqubo zokusebenza. Iikhrayitheriya ziya kudweliswa apha ngezantsi, emva koko amaqela ahlukeneyo asekwe ngokusekwe kuwo:
- Ngokwendlela yolawulo lomsebenzi:
- EMontask: Ungabaleka kube nye ngexesha. Ayinakuphazamisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo.
- Imisebenzi emininziIyakwazi ukwenza iinkqubo ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Iyakwazi ukwabela izibonelelo ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkqubo ezizicelayo, ukuze umsebenzisi abone ukuba zonke zisebenza ngaxeshanye.
- Ngokwendlela yabasebenzisi yolawulo:
- Umsebenzisi ongatshatanga: Ivumela kuphela iinkqubo zomsebenzisi omnye ukuba zisebenze ngaxeshanye.
- Abasebenzisi abaninzi: Ukuba uvumela abasebenzisi abaninzi ukuba baqhube iinkqubo zabo ngaxeshanye, ukufikelela kwizibonelelo zekhompyuter ngaxeshanye.
- Ngokwendlela yolawulo lwezixhobo:
- Kwindawo enyeUkuba ivumela ukusebenzisa izixhobo zekhompyuter enye.
- IhanjisiweUkuba uvumela ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwenye kwikhompyuter ngexesha elinye.
Imbali yeWindows
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zinikezelwa kwintengiso, nganye nganye ineeseti zayo eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga. Phakathi kwazo zonke, inkqubo ethandwa kakhulu IWindows, Eyasungulwa ngo-1975 nguBill Gates kwaye yazisa ingxelo yokuqala yenkqubo yokusebenza eyavela ngokukhawuleza yaza yafaka nemisebenzi. Inguqulelo yokuqala yakhutshwa ngo-1981 inemisebenzi embalwa, kodwa kuphela emva kweminyaka emine le nkqubo yathandwa kuhlobo lokuqala lweWindows, 1.0.
Ukusukela ngoko izibonelelo bezisanda ngesantya sokubonisa, kunye neenguqulelo zeWindows ezinje nge-98, 2000 okanye i-XP zazithandwa kakhulu: eyona yakutshanje ngu IWindows 7, yasungulwa ngo-2008 ngenkqubela phambili ebonakalayo njengenkxaso yeedrive hard drive kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwiiprosesa ze-multicore. Into efanayo eyenzekileyo ngenkqubela phambili kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza, phakathi kwazo inkqubo evulekileyo yeLinux.
Iinkqubo zokusebenza kwi-Intanethi
Ewe kunjalo, inkcazo eqhelekileyo yeenkqubo zokusebenza zandulela ubukho be Kwi-Intanethi, ezize ukuhlengahlengisa kwakhona wonke umbono okwiikhompyuter. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zinokuvelisa inkqubo enye ye-Intanethi, apho konke kuxhomekeke 'kwilifu'. Ngale ndlela, ukusetyenziswa kweekhompyuter kuya kutshintsha ngokukodwa kuba bekungayi kuba yimfuneko ukukhuphela okanye ukufaka naluphi na uhlobo lwenkqubo, njengoko kusenzeka kwiiseva ezinje nge-Orkut.
Ngokusekwe kubukho benethiwekhi ye-Intanethi, kuvulwa uluhlu olutsha lweenkqubo zokusebenza, kubhekiswa kwindlela abasebenzisi abangena ngayo kwiinkonzo: iinkqubo zokusebenza kwenethiwekhi zezo zinakho ukusebenzisana neenkqubo ezisebenza kwezinye iikhompyuter ukuze zitshintshise ngolwazi, ngelixa zisasazwe iinkqubo zokusebenza Bayazigubungela iinkonzo zenethiwekhi, kodwa badibanise nezixhobo kumatshini omnye oqinisekileyo ofikelela kumsebenzisi ngendlela ebonakalayo.
