Umxholo
Inkqubo ye- inkqubo yomzimba okanye inkqubo yomzimba Yindlela yokuzikhusela yomzimba womntu kunye nezilwanyana ethi, ngokulungelelaniswa komzimba, imichiza kunye nokuphendula kwamaselula, kugcina ingaphakathi lomzimba lingenazinto zamanye amazwe nezinokuba yityhefu nezosulelayo, ezinjengeentsholongwane, iintsholongwane nabanye iintsholongwane.
Onke la maziko angaphandle abiziwe iantigeni. Kwaye ziyaphikiswa ngumzimba ngokufihlwa kweeseli kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo, ezinje ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamachiza omzimba (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi): iiseli ezinjongo yazo ikukufumanisa, ukuqonda nokugubungela le mizimba ingafunekiyo ukuvumela ukugxothwa emzimbeni okulandelayo.
Ezinye iimpendulo zamasosha omzimba zibandakanya ukudumba (ukwahlula indawo echaphazelekayo), umkhuhlane (ukwenza ukuba umzimba ungahlali lula ngokuhlasela iintsholongwane), phakathi kwezinye iimpendulo.
Amajoni omzimba aqulathe iiseli ezahlukeneyo kunye namalungu omzimba, ukusuka kumalungu avelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezinjengepeni, umongo wethambo kunye namadlala ahlukeneyo, kodwa kunye neembumba ezinomhlana kunye namanye amalungu omzimba avumela ukugxothwa okanye ukuthintela ukungena kweearhente zangaphandle.
Iindidi zamasosha omzimba
Iindlela ezimbini zokulwa amajoni omzimba ziyaqatshelwa:
- Amajoni omzimba endalo. Ebizwa ngokuzalwa okanye ngokungacacanga, imalunga neendlela zokhuselo zekhemistri yobomi kwaye eza nathi ekuzalweni. Ziqheleke phantse kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo, nkqu nezona zilula kwaye unicellular, abakwaziyo ukuzikhusela ngokusebenzisa ii-enzymes kunye neeproteni ezivela kubukho bezinto ezonakalisayo.
- Ukufumana amajoni omzimba. Eziqhelekileyo zezilwanyana ezinomqolo kunye nezinto eziphilileyo eziphakamileyo, inxalenye yezinto ezithile eziyimfuneko ukuze iiseli zinikezelwe ngokupheleleyo ekukhuseleni nasekucoceni izinto eziphilayo, ezinxibelelene nenkqubo yendalo ngokwayo. Le ndlela yokuzikhusela iyaziguqula ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye "ifunda" ukuqaphela ii-arhente ezosulelayo, ngaloo ndlela ibonise ukukhunjulwa komzimba "kwimemori." Le yokugqibela yeyokugonya.
Yintoni enokonakalisa amajoni omzimba?
Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwayo kunye nolungelelwaniso, ayizizo zonke izifo ezinokulawulwa kwaye zisuswe ngamajoni omzimba kuphela. Kwezinye iimeko izilwa-buhlungu azikwazi kuchonga okanye zenze arhente eyonakalisayo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha lixhoba lazo. Kule meko kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza.
Kukwayimeko efanayo nezifo ezisebenza ngokuzimela, apho amajoni omzimba ngokwawo esiba yingxaki ngokuhlasela iiseli okanye izicwili ezisempilweni, ngempazamo zibachaze njengabahlaseli.
Xa umzimba unempendulo ecothayo okanye engasebenziyo yomzimba, kubhekiswa kuyo njenge-immunosuppressed okanye i-immunodeficient individual.
Izizathu zokungaphumeleli komzimba zinokuba ziqela, ezizezi:
- Izifo ezingafunekiyo. Ezinye iiarhente ezibangela izifo ezingakhuselekiyo ezifana noGawulayo, zihlasela ngokuchanekileyo iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi lomzimba, ezinobundlobongela kangangokuba zingakuvumeli ukutshintshwa kwazo kwinqanaba elaneleyo ukugcina umzimba ukhuselekile. Ukuvela kwezinye izifo ezizalwe nazo, ezinjengezifo ezingapheliyo ze-granulomatous, zivelisa iimeko ezifanayo nangona zingenakudluliselwa.
- Ukungondleki. Ukusilela kakhulu kokutya, ngakumbi ukungabikho kweeproteni kunye nezakha mzimba ezinje nge-iron, zinc, ithusi, selenium kunye neevithamini A, C, E, B6 kunye ne-B9 (folic acid) zinefuthe ngqo kumgangatho wokuphendula komzimba. Yiyo loo nto abantu abakwimeko yokungondleki okanye abanesondlo, bechaphazeleka ngakumbi kwizifo kunabo banesondlo.
- Utywala, ukutshaya kunye nokusebenzisa iziyobisi. Ukusela kakhulu utywala, icuba, kunye neziyobisi kunefuthe elibi kumajoni omzimba, ukuwenza buthathaka kwaye ushiye umzimba uvulelekile kusulelo.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu. Ukutyeba kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezoyikisayo, kuthwala ubuthathaka obuninzi bempilo, obunye babo kukuhla kancinci kwamajoni omzimba.
- Imitha. Enye yezona zinto ziphambili zokungcoliseka komzimba womntu ngamayeza aphezulu e-radiation yi-immunosuppression, ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwa ngala masuntswana kumongo wethambo. Sisiganeko esichazwe kubasebenzisi abangakhuselekanga bezinto ezinobungozi, okanye amaxhoba eengozi zenyukliya ezinje ngeChernobyl.
- Imichiza yokunyanga ngamayeza. Unyango lweziyobisi olugqithisileyo lokujongana nomhlaza okanye ezinye izifo ezinganyangekiyo zihlala zinoburhalarhume, zinikwa ubunjani bezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kangangokuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyothusa kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto olu nyango luhlala lukhatshwa kukutya kunye nolunye unonophelo oluvumela ukungqubana nesiphumo kancinane.
- Amayeza athile. Amanye amayeza ayakwazi ukunciphisa okanye ukumodareyitha impendulo yomzimba, kwaye ke zisetyenziselwa ukujongana neemeko zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kunokukhokelela ekwehleni okuyingozi ekuphenduleni komzimba. Ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo kwee-antibiotics nako kunokuba nefuthe lokuzikhusela emzimbeni.
- Ukuzikhusela. Eli ligama elinikwe ukwehla kokusebenza kwenkqubo yamajoni omzimba eza nobudala obuphezulu, ngesiqhelo emva kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, kwaye leyo yimveliso yokwehla kwendalo kumajoni omzimba.
- Ukungabikho komzimba. Kufunyenwe ukuba ubomi obusebenzayo, oko kukuthi, ngeendlela zokuzilolonga, zomeleza amajoni omzimba kunye nokwandisa impendulo yawo. Ukuhlala nje kwelinye icala kuthanda ukwehla kunye nokwenza buthathaka impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Uxinzelelo. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwemeko yomntu ngokweemvakalelo kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibonakele, ukuze umntu oxinezelekileyo abonise impendulo ecothayo kunaleyo inomdla wobomi.
