Irhasi iyaqina (kwaye ngokuchaseneyo)

Umxholo

• Imizekelo ukusuka kuqinileyo ukuya kwi-gaseous (sublimation)
• Imizekelo ukusuka kwiGaseous to Solid (Relim Sublimation)

Imicimbi yiyo yonke into enobunzima kunye nomzimba kwaye ihlala kwindawo esithubeni. Inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezintathu: ulwelo, oluqinileyo kunye nerhasi. Urhulumente ngamnye uneempawu ezibonakalayo.

Xa umba ubonakaliswe kutshintsho olukhulu kuxinzelelo okanye kubushushu, unokutshintsha kwimeko yawo (ukusuka ekuqineni ukuya kwigesi, ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kokuqinileyo, ukusuka kwi-gaseous ukuya kulwelo kunye nokunye). Kuzo zonke iimeko apho utshintsho kwimeko yomba lwenzeka, aluguquki lube yenye into kodwa lutshintsha inkangeleko yalo ngaphandle kokutshintsha ukwenziwa kwemichiza.

Izinto ezenzeka xa into isuka kwimeko eqinileyo (inesimo esichaziweyo) ukuya kwindawo enegesi (ayinayo ivolumu echaziweyo okanye ubume kwaye yanda ngokukhululekileyo), kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, zezi:

• Sublimation. Phenomenon ngalo mcimbi usuka kwimeko eqinileyo uye kwimeko yegesi ngaphandle kokudlula kwimeko yolwelo. Njengokuba: iibholiti ezinamachaphaza ahla ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwindawo eqinileyo ukuya kwigesi enomileyo, eyomileyo (eyomileyo ikhabhon diokside). Isixhobo sithatha amandla agqithisileyo kwimeko-bume yaso.
• Ukubuyela umva ekubuyiseleni okanye kwisimo esincinci. Phenomenon ngalo mcimbi usuka kwimeko yegesi ukuya kwimeko eqinileyo. Amasuntswana erhasi anamathela ngokudibeneyo kunesiqhelo kwaye aya ngqo kwimeko eqinileyo ngaphandle kokuhamba kwimeko yolwelo. Olu hlobo lotshintsho ngokubanzi lunikezelwa ngokuhla kweqondo lobushushu naphantsi kweemeko ezithile zoxinzelelo. Njengokuba: ukuyilwa kwekhephu okanye iqabakaukuya. Le nkqubo ikhupha amandla.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi into isuka kwindawo enegesi iye kwimeko engamanzi (ukunyanzeliswa) kwaye isuke apho iye kwimeko eqinileyo. Utshintsho oluvela kwi-gaseous ukuya kwi-solid (kwaye ngokuchaseneyo) lwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

• Inokukunceda: Utshintsho lomzimba

Imizekelo ukusuka kuqinileyo ukuya kwi-gaseous (sublimation)

1. Isalfure. Sublimates kubushushu obuphezulu kwiigesi ezinenqanaba eliphezulu lobutyhefu.
2. Iodine eqinileyo. Emva kwe-sublimation iguqula ibe yi-violet yegesi enemibala.
3. IArsenic. Xa uxinzelelo lomoya sublimates ukuya 613 ° C.
4. Umkhenkce okanye ikhephu Inokuthambisa kubushushu obungaphantsi kwe-0 ° C.
5. Benzoic acid Izihlomelo ezingaphezulu kwe-390 ° C.
6. ICamphor. Sublimates kwiqondo lobushushu ethile.
7. Itafile yokuhombisa. Ihambisa ngokuthe ngcembe njenge-naphthalene.

• Eminye imizekelo kwi: Sublimation

Imizekelo ukusuka kwiGaseous to Solid (Relim Sublimation)

1. Umsizi. Kwimeko eshushu kunye negesi, iphakama, idibana neendonga zetshimini kwaye yomeleze.
2. Ikhephu. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi abangela umphunga wamanzi emafini ujike ube likhephu.
3. Amakristali we-iodine. Xa kufudunyezwa, umphunga uveliswa, onxibelelana nento ebandayo uphinde uguqulwe ube ziikristale z iodine.