Ukwenza iimolekyuli ze iikhompawundi zemichiza, ii-atom zezinto ezahlukeneyo okanye izinto kufuneka zidibane ngendlela ezinzileyo, kwaye oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zobume ezinazo iathom nganye, ethi, njengokuba sisazi, iqulathe inucleus ehlawuliswe ngokuqinisekileyo ejikelezwe lilifu leelectron.
Iifowuni zihlawuliswe kakubi kwaye zihlala zisondele kwinucleus ngenxa yokuba amandla ombane ziyabatsala. Ukusondela kwe-elektron kwi-nucleus, ngakumbi amandla afunekayo ukuze ikhuphe.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke izinto ezifanayo: ezinye zinotyekelo lokulahlekelwa zii-elektroni zangaphandle zefu (izinto ezinamandla e-ionization asezantsi), ngelixa ezinye zihlala zithimba (izinto ezinobumbano obuphezulu be-elektroniki). Oku kwenzeka kuba ngokomgaqo we-octet ka-Lewis, uzinzo lunxulunyaniswa nobukho bee-elektroni ezisi-8 kwiqokobhe elingaphandle okanye kwi-orbital, ubuncinci kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ke njani kunokubakho ilahleko okanye inzuzo yee-elektroni, ii-ion zecala eliphikisayo zinokwenziwa, kwaye umtsalane wombane phakathi kwe-ion yecala eliphikisayo yenza ezi zinto zidibane kwaye zenze iikhompawundi ezilula zamachiza, apho enye yezinto yanika ii-elektroni kwaye enye yazifumana. Ukuze le yenzeke kwaye a bond ionic Kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho umahluko okanye i-delta yobuchwephesha phakathi kwezinto ezichaphazelekayo ubuncinci be-1.7.
Inkqubo ye- bond ionic Ngokwesiqhelo kwenzeka phakathi kwesinyithi kunye nesinye esingeyentsimbi: iatom yesinyithi inika enye okanye ii-elektroni ezininzi kwaye ngenxa yoko yenza ii-ion (ii-cations) ezihlawuliswe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ukungabinayo i-nonmetal kuyayifumana kwaye iba yincinci (anion). I-alkali kunye ne-alkaline yomhlaba isinyithi zizinto ezivame ukwenza i-cations kakhulu, kwaye i-halogens kunye ne-oksijini zihlala zii-anions.
Nje, iikhompawundi ezenziwa ziibhondi zeionic are eziqinileyo kubushushu begumbi kunye nendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu, enyibilikayo emanzini. Kwisisombululo kakhulu abaqhubi abalungileyo bombanenjengoko zii-electrolyte ezomeleleyo. Amandla e-lattice e-ionic eqinile yinto ephawula amandla anomdla phakathi kwe-ion yelo liqinileyo.
Ingakukhonza:
- Imizekelo yeebond Bond
- Magnesium oxide (MgO)
- Isalphate yobhedu (CuSO4)
- Iodidi yePotassium (KI)
- Zinc hayidroksayidi (Zn (OH) 2)
- Isodium chloride (NaCl)
- I-nitrate yesilivere (AgNO3)
- Ilithium fluoride (LiF)
- Magnesium chloride (UMgCl2)
- Potassium hayidroksayidi (KOH)
- I-calcium nitrate (Ca (NO3) 2)
- Calcium phosphate (Ca3 (PO4) 2)
- I-Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
- Disodium phosphate (Na2HPO4)
- Intsimbi yesulfide (Fe2S3)
- I-Potassium bromide (KBr)
- Ikhalsiyam carbonate (CaCO3)
- Isodium hypochlorite (NaClO)
- Potassium sulphate (K2SO4)
- Manganese chloride (MnCl2)
