Umxholo
Inkqubo ye-oomatshini elula Zizo ezo zixhobo ezivumela ukutshintsha amandla okanye ulwalathiso lwamandla afikelela kwinqanaba lokungena ngohlobo lomsebenzi woomatshini, kwaye izinto zawo zizinto eziqinileyo eziqinileyo.
Inkqubo ye- oomatshini elulazisetyenziselwa ukuphinda-phinda amandla okanye, njengoko kuphawuliwe, uku tshintsha idilesi yakho; Umbono uhlala usithi umsebenzi ufuna umgudu omncinci kwaye emva koko kubelula, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kukhuselekile. Isishwankathelo, kusetyenziswa oomatshini abulula ukuguqula okanye ukubuyekeza imikhosi enganyangekiyo okanye ukuphakamisa ubunzima kwiimeko ezilungileyo ngakumbi.
Kwinto ebizwa njalo miikona ezimbaxa, izibonelelo zoomatshini ababini nangaphezulu zilula zidityanisiwe.
Oomatshini abalula bavela ukusombulula iingxaki yenziwe ngu imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kumaxesha akudala, kubandakanya ukuzingela, ukuloba okanye ukuhambisa izinto ezinzima. Ngokwenyani, izixhobo zokuqala zenzelwe ukuba zenziwe zagqitywa kamva kwaye yindlela oomatshini bokuqala abalula eyavela ngayo. Unokuthi abo matshini bokuqala basebenze phantse njenge ukwandiswa kwezandla zomntu: bezixhobo zomthi zokumba, amatye abukhali okusika kunye nezinye. Kodwa ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, bavelise utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwimbali yomntu nakubudlelwane bakhe nomsebenzi.
Oomatshini abalula kubandakanya abo bane inqaku elinye lenkxaso (yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwabo yindawo yenkxaso esele ithethiwe) kunye thatha ithuba lemigaqo esisiseko yomzimba Intoni umzuzu wamandla, umsebenzi, amandla, amandla kwaye ukusebenza ngomatshini. Kuya kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba oomatshini abalula ababaleki umthetho wolondolozo lwamandla: Amandla awenziwanga okanye atshatyalaliswe kumatshini olula, uguqulwa kuphela.
Kukho oomatshini abalula aba-6
- Uxhathiso
- Pulley
- Inqwelomoya
- Crib
- Amavili neeasi asi
- Izikrufu
Inkqubo ye- Ilever, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo, ibar engqongqo enokujikeleza kwindawo emiselweyo, i-fulcrum. Amandla asetyenzisiweyo kwi-lever abizwa ngokuba ngunobangela wentsusa okanye amandla kwaye amandla ayoyiswayo aziwa njenge ukuxhathisaukuya. Ubude belever bubalulekile ukoyisa ukuxhathisa
Inkqubo ye- pulley Isetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kubude obuthile. Livili apho intambo idlula ngaphandle; kwenye yeencam zentambo ekhankanyiweyo a ubunzima okanye umthwalo, ukuba iphakama xa kusetyenziswa amandla amakhulu kwelinye icala. Kusebenza zombini ukunciphisa amandla afunekayo okuphakamisa izinto kunye nokutshintsha indlela. zikhona pulleys elula kwaye ezinye zenziwe ngamavili aliqela; eyokugqibela ibizwa ukuloba.
Kwi indiza ethambekileyo okwenzekayo kukuba amandla obunzima aphuka abe ngamacandelo amabini. Ke, umgudu ofunekayo wokuphakamisa umthwalo ungaphantsi.
Inkqubo ye- ibhedi yomntwana ngumzimba apho ezimbini ziyahlangana iindiza ezithile ezibukhaliOku kudala indawo yokudibana, evumela ukusika okanye ukukrazula izinto eziqinileyo.
Inkqubo ye- ivili ngumzimba ojikelezayo ojikeleza malunga nendawo emiselweyo, ebizwa i-axis yokujikeleza, zihlala zizi-cylindrical. Isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa intshukumo ejikelezayo phakathi kwamazembe, ukuhambisa ukuhamba kwezinto nabantu, njl.
Inkqubo ye- isikrufu yinto nje Umoya ojikeleze indiza ethambekileyo, nganye yokujika ibizwa umsonto. Isikrufu sokungena emzimbeni ngomphezulu wayo iyahamba Ukujikeleza, Umkhosi ofunekayo ukujika ujikelo ngalunye kwaye ugqibezele inkqubo uhlala ungaphantsi kunoko kufunekayo ukubethelela kumgca othe ngqo.
Imizekelo yoomatshini elula
Izinto ezininzi, ezininzi ezivela kubomi bemihla ngemihla, esizisebenzisayo ukuhamba, ukudlala okanye kwihlabathi lomsebenzi, zisekwe kumatshini omnye okanye nangaphezulu kwaba bathathu badumileyo. Oomatshini abangamashumi amabini alula badweliswe apha ngezantsi njengomzekelo:
- Norias: Bayakuvumela ukukhutshwa kwamanzi ngomgaqo osisiseko weRosary hydraulic. Ibekwe ingene emanzini kwaye ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kwenza ukuba kukhutshwe amanzi.
- Iimpompo zamanziIsixhobo esiphakamisayo, esidlulisayo kunye nesicofa ulwelo. Sebenzisa imigaqo esisiseko enxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo.
- Cranes: Ngempembelelo ye-lever iyakwazi ukuphakamisa ubunzima kusetyenziswa umqadi, ngaloo ndlela isenza isixa esincinci samandla, iyisebenzisa nge-pulleys kwi-pivot ejikelezayo evumela ukuhamba ngokuthe tye. Uzinzo lwe-crane luyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini lokwakha.
- Isilayidi: Isebenzisa izinto ezisisiseko zomatshini olula 'othambekileyo wenqwelomoya', apho kusetyenziswa khona amandla, iikhonsepthi zesantya kunye nokukhawulezisa ziyabandakanyeka, kwaye kucingelwa ukuba akukho mbambano (okanye ukuba oku kuncinci).
- Phezulu nasezantsiIsiphumo sokudibanisa sidityanisiwe kulo mdlalo uthandwayo kunye nenqwelomoya ethambekisayo, simanya oomatshini ababini abalula kwenye, kwaye sisebenzisa ubunzima bobabini kunye namandla omxhuzulane, ngokusekwe kwinqanaba lenkxaso, ngaphambi kwentshukumo yombutho kunye impendulo yokumelana.
- Ikiriva: Okuqhelekileyo kwindawo yokwakha, ukulawula ukusasaza ubunzima ngokubusalathisa kwicala, elenza ukuba kube lula ukuxhasa ubunzima obukhulu ngokuzama ukutyhala itraki.
- Izixhobo: I-Cogwheel eyenza ukuba into ihambe ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci, ngokwenza amandla afunekayo ukuze ihanjiswe.
- InguquUmdibaniso wekrank kunye nesilinda, evumela umzimba onzima ukuba uphakanyiswe ngamandla asezantsi kakhulu.
- Izembe: Kubalulekile ukwahlula okanye ukucheba (iinkuni, umzekelo), inesiqwenga sesinyithi esigqityiweyo ngohlobo lwe-wedge, yiyo le nto iinyembezi kwaye ivumela ukusikwa.
- Isibini sesikereUmzekelo oqhelekileyo we-lever enye, edibanisa amandla kunye namandla okuphumeza umsebenzi wayo, wokusika ngokujoyina iincakuba ezimbini zentsimbi.
- IqulaSebenzisa ipulley ukuphakamisa okanye ukwehlisa ibhakethi, ngaloo ndlela unyusa ubunzima bamanzi ngokutshintsha kwamandla.
- Isikrufu esingapheliyoInqwelomoya ejijekileyo ijikeleze intonga, ethi xa ijikeleza ikwazi ukufaka umsonto (inqwelomoya othambekileyo) emthini, oko kugcina izinto ezimbini kunye nomzamo omncinci.
- AmacwecweUmzekelo womxheli, ngokufanayo kwisicelo sesikere.
- I-Nutcracker: Umdibaniso wokudibanisa amandla kunye nokumelana, okuvumela ukufaka amandla kwinqanaba elichanekileyo lokwahlula i-nut.
- Intonga: Sisebenzisa ingalo yomntu njenge-fulcrum, i-lever isebenzisa amandla. Ukuphuculwa kweentonga zokuloba kwenza ukuba umsebenzi ungabi nzima kwaye ube nzima.
- Ibhalansi yamaRomaIsixhobo esilinganisa ubunzima, kwaye oko kusekwe ngokusisiseko kumxhathiso.
- GuillotineUmatshini olula owenziwe yincakuba ebukhali, namhlanje usetyenziswa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ukusika inani elikhulu lamaphepha ngaxeshanye.
- Imela: Kusebenza iindlela zeenqwelomoya ezithambeleyo, ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokusika, ngesiqhelo ukutya okanye iintambo.
- CranksIsixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuguqula isindululo se-rectilinear sibe sisindululo setyhula, okanye kungenjalo. Isetyenziselwa ukujikeleza i-axis ngaphandle komzamo omncinci (into ebiyimfuneko kakhulu kwiimoto ezindala).
- Ibhayisekile: Faka isicelo kwisiseko sevili kunye ne-asi ukuvumela umthwalo (umntu okwibhayisikile) ukuba atshintshe.
