Umxholo
Inkqubo ye- ngumphunga Yinkqubo ebonakalayo apho umba udlula ukusuka kwimeko yolwelo ukuya kwimeko enomoya. Yinkqubo ecothayo kwaye ethe chu eyenzekayo xa imeko kwimeko engamanzi ifumana ubushushu obuthile. Njengokuba: UKUYANjengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka, amanzi ayatshintsha ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kumphunga wamanzi.
Iinkqubo ezininzi zomphunga zenzeka ngokwendalo. Umphunga lelinye lamanqanaba omjikelo wamanzi.
Ukonyuka komphunga kwenzeka kuphela kumphezulu wolwelo. Olunye ulwelo lumphunga ngokukhawuleza kunezinye kubushushu obufanayo. Kwimeko yamanzi, umphunga wenzeka xa iimolekyuli zikwimo yolwelo ziphazanyiswa kukwanda kweqondo lobushushu, zifumana amandla, kwaye zaphule uxinzelelo lomhlaba kulwelo kwaye zikhutshwe ngohlobo lomphunga.
Umphunga awufanele ubhidaniswe nokubila, okwenzeka kuphela kwinqanaba elithile lobushushu kwinto nganye. Ukubilisa kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo lomphunga lolwelo lilingana noxinzelelo lweatmosferi kunye nazo zonke iimolekyuli kuxinzelelo lolwelo kwaye ziguquka zibe yigesi. Ukonyuka kolophu yinkqubo eyenzeka ngokwanda kweqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kweqondo lokubila. Zombini ziindidi zomphunga.
- Ingakunceda: Ulwelo ukuya kwigesi
Ngumphunga kumjikelo wamanzi
Ukonyuka kolophu yinkqubo ephambili phakathi komjikelo wamanzi. Amanzi avela kumphezulu womhlaba (amachibi, imilambo, ulwandle) ngumphunga kukusebenza kwelanga. Inxalenye yomphunga wamanzi ophumela emoyeni ubuya nakwizinto eziphilayo (ngokubila).
Umphunga wamanzi ufikelela kumaleko aphezulu e-atmosfera, apho inkqubo yokuxinana yenzeka khona, apho igesi ipholisa khona ngenxa yeqondo eliphantsi lomoya kwaye iba lulwelo. Amathontsi amanzi enza amafu emva koko awele emhlabeni ngohlobo lwemvula okanye ikhephu ukuqala umjikelo omtsha.
Imizekelo yonyuko
- Iimpahla ezimanzi ezixhonywe ngaphandle ziyoma ngenxa ngomphunga wamanzi.
- Imidumba eyenzeka emva kwemvula iyenyuka ngumphunga kunye nelanga.
- Ukwenziwa kwamafu kuvela kukonyuka kwamanzi kumphezulu womhlaba.
- Umphunga wamanzi ukusuka epanini ngaphaya komlilo.
- Ukunyibilika kwekhephu lomkhenkce kubushushu begumbi, kuba akuba nje amanzi ekwimeko engamanzi iya kuqala ngumphunga.
- Umphunga kwiglasi yotywala okanye i-ether ebekwe kubushushu begumbi.
- Umsi ophuma kwindebe eshushu yeti okanye ikofu ngulwelo elikhupha umphunga.
- Umphunga womkhenkce owomileyo onxibelelana nomoya.
- Umgangatho omanzi uyoma ngenxa yokuba ngumphunga wamanzi.
- Umphunga wamanzi okhutshwe phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwibhoyila.
- Ukubila kulusu xa sisenza umthambo kuyanyamalala ngenxa yonyuko lwenkqubela phambili.
- Umphunga wamanzi olwandle anetyuwa, ushiya ityuwa yaselwandle ngasemva.
Ingakukhonza:
- Ukwenza umphunga
- Ukuhlanganiswa, ukuqiniswa, ukunyuka komphunga, ukuthambisa, ukuvala
- Ukubilisa
