Izinto ezomeleleyo

Umxholo

• Imizekelo yezinto zelastiki

Yaziwa njengeizinto elastic abo banikwe amandla okufumana imilinganiselo yabo yoqobo, nje ukuba amandla oomatshini azinzileyo abanyanzele ukuba bafumane imilo eyahlukileyo iyekile. Njengokuba: inayiloni, latex, irabha, ipholiyesta. Le ndlela yokuziphatha ilawulwa ngumthetho kaHooke, oqonda ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo phantsi kweModulus of Elasticity.

Izinto ezomeleleyo zinokuba zezendalo, ezenziweyo ezenziweyo okanye zokwenziwa, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba labo lokucacisa ngesandla somntu.

• Jonga kwakhona: Izixhobo zeductile

Imizekelo yezinto zelastiki

1. Elastin Yiprotein ebonelela ngo-elasticity kunye nokuxhathisa kwizicubu ezinxulumene nezilwanyana, ezivumela ukuba zikhule kwaye ziphinde zimile kwakhona.
2. Irabha. Yipolymer yemvelaphi yendalo efunyenwe kwincindi yemithi ethile, iyagxotha amanzi, iyamelana nombane, kwaye iyoluka kakhulu. Isetyenziselwa usetyenziso oluninzi lwentengiso, ukusuka kumathoyizi ukuya kwiibhendi zelastiki.
3. Nylon. Yipolymer eyenziweyo, ethathwe kwipetroleum, eyilungu leqela leepolyamides. Ukunyaniseka kwayo kuphakathi, kuxhomekeke kwizongezo ngexesha lokwenza kwayo.
4. ILycra. Yaziwa ngokuba yi-elastane okanyespandex, lusinga lwendalo olwenziwe lwaxhathisa kakhulu kwaye luthamba, olwenza ukuba kube lula xa kusenziwa impahla elukiweyo kunye neefektri.
5. ILatex. Yeyona nto intle kakhulu, eyahlukileyo kwimichiza yayo evela kwirabha kunye nezinye iintsini zemifuno ezinemvelaphi efanayo. ILatex yenziwa ngamanqatha e-gummy, i-wax kunye nentlaka, ekhutshiweyo kunye nokusetyenzwa kwizityalo ezithile ze-angiosperm kunye nefungi ethile. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiglavu nakwiikhondom.
6. Irabha. Yinto enentlaka enobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu beemolekyuli, isimilo sayo esine-asidi kunye nesomeleleyo asikuthinteli ekubeni nobuthathaka obukhulu. Le yenye yezona insulators zombane zaziwayo,
7. Intsini. Yipolymer yemvelaphi yendalo, izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza itshungama yincindi yomthiIManilkara zapota(sapota okanye zapotilla), evela kwilizwekazi laseMelika. Le resin ayisetyenziswanga kwitshungama nje kuphela, kodwa nakwiivarnishi, iiplastiki kunye nezinto zokuncamathelisa, kunye nerabha njengesixhobo sokwambathisa imveliso.
8. Ibhanti e-elastic. Eyaziwa njengebhanti yerabha okanye ibhendi yerabha, yirabha kunye nebhendi yerabha, eyenziwe kwibhanti ejikelezayo kwaye ibonelelwe ngeehydrocarbon ezinciphisa ukutyeba kwayo ukuze zitshintshe ubulukhuni kunye nokubambelela. Sisixhobo esihle sokwambathisa, kodwa sincinci kakhulu kubushushu.
9. Uboya. Yintsinga yendalo efunyanwa kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo zosapho lweebhokhwe, ezinje ngeebhokhwe, iigusha kunye neenkamela (ialpacas, llamas, vicuñas) kunye nemivundla, ngokucheba kwesilwanyana. Ngayo, ilaphu elolukiweyo nelicima umlilo lenziwe, liluncedo kwiimpahla ukuzikhusela engqeleni.
10. Intlala. Okwangoku emzimbeni womntu kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinomqolo, ithatha indawo phakathi kwamathambo kwaye yenze iphina lokuva kunye nempumlo. Kwezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zinamathambo apheleleyo okanye aphantse agqitywe. Iyoluka kwaye ayinayo imithambo yegazi, kungoko inokuyizalisekisa indima yayo njengokunciphisa ifuthe lethambo kunye nokuthintela ukunxiba.
11. IGraphene Yintambo yendalo, eyenziwe ngophahla olunye lwegrafite, eqhuba kakhulu kwaye inqabile i-atom enye. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-elektroniki nakwinanotechnology, kuba ngumqhubi omkhulu.
12. Abicah. Le polymer engaqhelekanga ifunyanwa nge-polysiloxane, i-resin engamanzi kwaye yenziwe nge-silicon kunye neeathom zeoksijini kuthotho olutshintshanayo. Ayinavumba, ayinambala kwaye inert kwanakumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwimizi-mveliso kwahluka kakhulu, nakwimveliso yezonyango kunye notyando, okanye kwindawo yokupheka.
13. Igwebu. I-polyurethane foam (i-PU foam) luhlobo lweplastikhi engenanto engekhoyo kwindalo, kodwa inezicelo ezinkulu zorhwebo nezorhwebo zomntu. Inemvelaphi efanayo neyepolyester.
14. Ipholiyesta. Eli ligama elinikwe kudidi olupheleleyo lwezinto ze-elastic ezifunyenwe kwindalo ukusukela ngo-1830, kodwa ezilinywe ngendlela engeyiyo kwi-petroleum. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yokuxhathisa kakhulu ukufuma, iiarhente zemichiza kunye namandla oomatshini.
15. Ibhandeji ye-Neuromuscular. Yaziwa njengeeyokwakha, sisixhobo esineeteyiphu ezahlukeneyo zomqhaphu ezixhotyiswe nge-acrylic adhesive, ekwaziyo ukolula ngaphezulu kwe-100% yobungakanani bayo bokuqala kwaye isetyenziswe ekunxibeni amanxeba nokwenzakala.
16. Iibhaluni Zenziwe ngezinto eziguqukayo ezisekwe kwirabha okanye iplastiki enealuminised, zizikhongozeli eziguqukayo ezihlala zigcwaliswa ngumoya, i-helium okanye amanzi kwaye zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuzonwabisa. Kukwakho neendidi ezahlukeneyo ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kunye naselebhu.
17. Imitya Yenziwe ngezinto eziguqukayo ezilungelelaniswe ngendlela efanayo, imitya exineneyo ingangcangcazela ngokukhululekileyo iphinde ivelise amaza e-acoustic. Yiyo loo nto zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zomculo ezinje ngegitare okanye ivayolin.
18. Ifayibha yeglasi. Ifunyenwe ngokwelula iglasi etyhidiweyo. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-insulator kunye nabaqhubi, ngakumbi kushishino lonxibelelwano.
19. Iplastiki. Iseti enkulu yezinto zokwenziwa ezifunyenwe yipolymerizing ikhabhoni evela kwiihydrocarbon ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeoyile. Inikwe ukomelela kunye nokuba bhetyebhetye ebusweni bobushushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube lula ukubumba iimilo ezahlukeneyo. Nje ukuba kubanda, umda wokuqina uyahla.
20. Ijeli. Ingumxube oqinileyo (ubuncinci kwiqondo lobushushu kwigumbi) obizwa ngokuba yi-gel colloid kwaye uveliswa ekubiliseni ii-collagen zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, ezinjenge-cartilage. Ilastiki kwaye iyasebenza xa kushushu: zixutywe emanzini ashushu kwaye zomeleze kubanda.

• Ilandela ezi zinto: Izinto ezinobunzima